51 



extra protection to reduce the energy expended by the bees to keep the 

 temperature from falling below 57 degrees. 



In order to protect the bees from changes of temperature the hive 

 or group of hives should be placed within a box about eight to ten inches 

 larger in every way than the hive or hives, and pack the intervening 

 space with dry leaves, dry saw dust, or dry planer shavings. A small 

 tunnel through the packing material allows passage way for the bees to 

 the entrance of the hive. It is essential to cover the top with some 

 roofing material to prevent the packing from becoming wet by rains 

 or snow. The rule to follow for outside wintering is to leave abundant 

 stores, pack early and heavily, protect from the wind and unpack late. 



Where cellar wintering is practiced, bees should be taken in about the 

 time the weather becomes too cold for further flights. It is well to 

 leave them in the cellar until the warm days make their appearance 

 Id the spring. Some beekeepers prefer leaving them till the maples 

 bloom before placing them on their summer stands. It is essential 

 where bees are stored in a cellar that a constant and uniform tempera- 

 ture of at least 45 to 50 degrees be maintained. Properly ventilated 

 to rid the cellar of surplus moisture and avoid crowding. 



XITERATURE ON BOOKKEEPING. 



The beekeeper will find at least one good journal and one or more 

 books relating to apiculture to be indispensable. 



Figure 30. 



Literature That Should Be Found in Every Beekeeper's Library. 



Journals. 



