HAWAIIAN BIRDS. 49 



Oreomyza flammea Wilson. Kakawahie. 



This beautiful species, the native name of which signifies "fire- 

 wood," probably from its bright flame color, is found only upon 

 the island of Molokai where probably it is not uncommon. Very 

 little is known of its habits, but they probably do not differ essen- 

 tially from those of its congeners. 



Description. — Adult male. Front and sides of the head pure scarlet; top 

 of the head and back brownish scarlet, brightening into nearly pure 

 scarlet on the rump ; chin, throat, and lower surface generally pure scarlet, 

 but paler in hue, brightening, however, on the flanks; remiges and rec- 

 trices. blackish brown, edged with brownish scarlet; wing lining pale 

 scarlet. 



• Adult female. Top of the head hair-brown, but each feather brownish- 

 scarlet at the base, and the shafts of those towards the back of the head 

 grey; back hair-brown tinged with red; rump distinctly russet; upper 

 tail-coverts brownish scarlet; remiges and rectrices blackish brown edged 

 with brownish scarlet, as also are the upper wing-coverts. Beneath, dull 

 white tinged with pale scarlet ; sides of the body reddish brown, and wing.* 

 lining white tinged with scarlet. Length about S inches. (Wilson.) 



Oreomyza newtoni (Rothschild). 



I found this species to be very common in the woods of Hale- 

 akala at an elevation of between 4,000 and 5,000 feet ; in fact it is 

 the most abundant of Maui birds in the vicinity of Olinda. 



When referring to the Hawaiian member of this genus {mana) 

 I laid special stress upon its habit of hunting almost exclusively 

 along the main stems of the trees and upon the large limbs, a habit 

 which will almost invariably serve to identify the bird in the for- 

 ests of Hawaii. The Maui species is noticeable for the same habit, 

 but, unlike mana, it much f requeiits also the undergrowth, and not 

 rarely descends even to the grouhd in its hunting excursions. 



Such marked difference in habits between species so closely 

 allied is extremely interesting, and I attribute it to the absence in 

 Maui of the ejepaio. The absei;ice of the latter bird from thb 

 island is of itself remarkable, since in Hawaii, just across the 

 channel from Maui, in plain sight and distant not more than twen- 

 ty miles, the elepaio is very numerous indeed. The elepaio is essen- 



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