240 Obdeb 14.— CAPPAEIDACEjE. , 



30. RAPHANUS, L. Radish. (Gr. f)a, quickly, ■tjjaivcj, to appear; 

 from its rapid growth.) Calyx erect; petals obovate, unguiculate ; 

 siliques terete, torulous, not opening by valves, transversely 2-jointed, 

 joiDts with one or several cells, seeds large, subglobous, in a single 

 series (0»). 



1 R. Raphanisttnm L. Wild Radish. Lvs. lyrate ; ailigite moniliform, 

 3—8-seeded, becoming in maturity 1-oelIed, longer than the style. — ® Naturalized 

 in cultivated fields and roadsides, but rare. St. glaucous, branching, 1 — 2f high, 

 bristly. Lvs. rough, dentate, petiolate or sessile. Cal. bristly. Petals yellow, 

 veiny, blanching as they decay. Jn., Jh § Bur. 



2 R. sativa L. Garden- Radish. Lower lvs. lyrate, petiolate; sUique 

 2 — 3-seeded, acuminate, sca/rcely longer than the style. — A well known salad root 

 from China. St. 2 — if high, very branching. Lower lvs. 6 — 10' long. Fls. 

 white, or tinged with purple, veiny. Pods 1 — 2' long, thick and fleshy. The 

 principal varieties are the Turnip Radish, root subglobous ; Common Radish, root 

 oblong, terete ; Black Spanish Radish, root black outside. Jn. — ^Aug. % 



Okdek XIV. CAPPARIDACE^. Capparids. 



Serbs, shrubs, or even trees, destitute of true stipules. Leaves alternate, petiolate, 



either undivided or palmately compound. Fls. solitary or raoemous, cruciform, hy- 



pogynous. Sep. 4, Pet. 4, unguiculate. Sta. 6 — 12, or some multiple of 4, never 



tetradynamous, on a disk or separated from the coroUa by an internode of the torus. 



Ova. often stipitate, of 2 united carpels. Sty. united into ono. Stig. discoid. i4". 



either pod-shaped and dehiscent, or fleshy and indehiscent. Placentce usually 2. 



Seeds many, reniform. AWv/men 0. Embryo curved. Cotyledon foliaoeous. (Illust. 



in Pig. 290.) 



Genera 28, species 840 — chiefly tropicnl plants. They are more acrid in their properties than 

 the Orucifers, tjut otherwise much resemble them. One species of Pulanisia is used as a ver* 

 mifuge. 



Stamens 6, separated from the petals by an internode No. 1 



Stamens 6, not separated from the petals - No. 2 



Stamens 8—32. Torus not developed No. S 



1. GYNANDROPSIS, DC. (Oynandria, a Linnsean class, oi/jtf ap- 

 pearance.) Sepals distinct, spreading ; stamens 6, separated from the 

 4 petals by a slender internode of the torus ; pod linear-oblong, raised 

 on a long stipe which rises fi'om the top of the torus. — ® Lvs. digitate. 

 Fls. racemed. 



G. peutaph^lla DC. Middle lvs. petiolate, 5-foliate, floral and lower ones 

 3-foliate, Ifts. obovate, entire or denticulate. — In cultivated grounds, Penn. to &a. 

 St. simple, 2 — 3f high. Pis. of a very singular structure. Pedicels about 1' 

 long, slender. Calyx small. Petals white, \ as long as their filiform claws. 

 Sta. 1' long, spreading, apparently arising from the midst of the long styloid 

 torus. Peds. 2' long. § Africa. (Cleome L.) 



2. CLEOME, L. Spider Flower. Sepals sometimes united at base ; 

 petals 4 ; torus not developed between the petals and the stamens, 

 which are 6 — 4 ; pod stipitate more or less. — ^Herbs or shrubs. Lvs. 

 simple or digitate. Fls. racemed or solitary. 



1 C. pungena L. Pig. 290. Glandular pubescent; St. simple, and with the 

 petioles aculeate ; lvs. 5 — 9-foliate, on long petioles, Ifls. elliptic-lanceolate, acute 

 at each end, obscurely denticulate; bracts simple; fls. racemed; sep. distinct; 

 pet. on filiform claws ; sta. 6, twice longer than the petals. — 'Si) A tall, showy 



