382 Obdeb 63.— UMBBLLIFER^. 



13. BUPLEU'RUM, Toum. Modesty. Thokough-wax. (Gr. fiovg, 

 an ox, TrXevpbv, a rib ; from the veined leaves of some of the species.) 

 Calyx margin obsolete ; petals somewhat orbicular, entire, w^ith a 

 broad, closely inflexed point ; fruit laterally compressed ; carpels 5- 

 ribbed, lateral ones marginal ; seed teretely convex ; flattish on the 

 face. — Herbaceous or shrubby. Lvs. mostly reduced to entire phyllo- 

 dia. Invol. various. Fls. yellow. 



B. rotundif olium L. Lvs. (phyllodia) roundish-ovate, entire, perfoliate ; invol. 

 ; involucels of 5, ovate, mucronate bracts ; fr. with very slender ribs, intervals 

 smooth, mostly without vittse. — (J) In cultivated grounds and fields, W. T., Penn., 

 and Ind., rare. St. If or more high, brandling. Lvs. 1 to 3' long ; f as wide, 

 rounded at base, acute at apex, very smooth. Umbels 5 to 9-rayed. Involucels 

 longer than the umbellets. Fr. crowned with the wax-like, shining base of the 

 styles (stylopodium.) Jl., Aug. 



14. ANE'THUM, Tourn. Dill. Fenkkl. (Gr. aWu, to burn ; the 

 plant (its seeds) is very stimulating.) Calyx margin obsolete ; petals 

 involute, with a broad, retuse apex ; fruit ovate or oblong, laterally sub- 

 compressed ; carpels with 5 obtuse ribs, the lateral ones marginal ; in- 

 tervals with single vittse, commissure with 2. — Umbels perfect, with no 

 invol. or involucels. Fls. yellow. 



1 A. grav^oleus L. Dill. Fr. elliptical, compressed, surrounded by aflat, 

 dilated margin ; lvs. tripinnate, segm. capillary ; umbels on long stalks. — Native 

 of S. Europe. The oval, flat, brown seeds are aromatic, pungent, and medici- 

 nal. J 



2 A. FoenfoTilum L. Fennel. lAis.biternately dissected, segm. lmea,v-sub\iT 

 late, elongated ; rays of the umbel numerous, unequal, spreadmg ; carp, turgid, 

 ovate-obhng. — Native of England, Ac. Caltivated in gardens. St. 3 to 5f high, 

 terete, branched. Lvs. large and smooth, finely cleft into numerous, very nar- 

 row segments. Jl. — The seeds are warmly aromatic. \ (Fceniculum vulgare 

 Gsert.) 



15. THAS'PIUM, Nutt. Golden Alexanders. (From the Isle of 

 Thaspia, which gave name to the ancient allied genus Thapsia.) Calyx 

 margin 5-toothed ; petals elliptic, with an inflexed point ; fruit ellip- 

 tical, compressed laterally and didymous ; carpels convex, with 5 pro- 

 minent or winged ribs, the lateral margined; intervals with single 

 vittse. — 2f Umbels without an invol. Involucels 3-leaved, lateral. Fls. 

 yellow or dark purple. 



^ Leaves 1 or 2-tei'nato, the radical often simple Nos. 1, 4 



§ Leaves thrioo ternate; stem often pubescent at the nodes !.'."!i.'..No3. 8, 4 



1 T. aitreum Nutt. Lvs. mostly bitemate, Ifls. thin, oval-lanceolate; sharply serrate; 

 umbellets with short rays ; fi'. oblong-oval, 10-winged. — Hills and meadows, U. 

 S. and Can. Sts. 1 to 2f high, branching above, rather slender, erect, hollow, 

 angular-furrowed, smooth. Lower lvs. on long petioles, the Ifts. with coarse ser- 

 ratures, and sometimes quinate, the very lowest one sometimes simple. Umbels 

 about 2' broad, of 10 to 15 rays, the umbellets dense. Fls. numerous, orange- 

 yellow. Fr. ovaJ, brown. Et black, tufted. Jn. 

 p. APTEKUM Gray. Fr. with sharp and prominent ribs, not winged. (Smyr- 



nium aureum L. Zizia aureum Koch.) 

 1 *^°''^^*'^°i Nutt. Radical lvs. simple, cordate, crenate, cauline ones ternate, 

 stalked, segm. acute, serrate; umbels terminal; fr. roundish oval, 6- winged.— 

 Shady hills and barrens, U. S. and Can., rare in N. Eng St. erect, slightly 

 branched, smooth, 2 to 3f high. Et. lvs. on long stalks, roundish, heart-shaped, 

 the rest ternate, becoming only 3-parted above, all light green. Umbels dense, 

 with yellow fls. Fr. black, oval, with 3 prominent, paler, winged ridges on each 

 side. May, Jn. (Smymium cordatum Mx. Zizia oordatum DO.) 



