Oeder 64.— ARALIACB^. 389 



37. CA^RUM, L. Caraway. (From Caria, the native country of 

 the plant, according to Pliny.) Calyx margin obsolete ; petals obo- 

 vate, emarginate, the point inflexed ; styles dilated at base, spreading ; 

 fruit oval, compressed laterally ; carpels 5-ribbed, lateral ribs marginal ; 

 intervals with single vittse, commissure with 2. — Herbs with dissected 

 Ivs. Umbels perfect. luvolucra various. Fls. white. 



C. Carvi L. Lva. somewhat bipinnatifid, with numerous linear segm. invol. 

 1-leaved or 0; involucels 0. — St. about 2f high, branched, smooth, striate. 

 Lower Ivs. large, on long petioles, with tumid, clasping sheaths. Umbels on 

 long peduncles ; involucrate bracts when present linear-lanoeolate. In. — Culti- 

 vated for its fine aromatic fruit, so well known in domestic economy. % Eur. 



38. TREPOCARPUS .aithusa Nutt. Western La. (Hale). 



39. CYNOSCIADIUM aigitatum DC— Western La. (Hale). 



06s. These plants, of wTiicli we have beautiful specimens from Dr. Hale, may perhaps be 

 found E. of the Mississippi. 



Okdeb LXIV. AEALIACE^. Abaliads. 



Trees, shrubs or herbs closely allied to the Umbellifers in the leaves, inflorescence 

 and flowers, but the styles and cells of the ovaet are usually more than 2 (3 to 5)^ 

 cells 1-ovuled ; frmt baccate or dry, 3 to 5-celled, with 1 albuminous seed in each 

 ■ceU. 



Gen&ra 23, species 160. They .are natives of northern temperate climes of both hemispheres. — 

 Several species are well known in medicine, etc., as Ginseng, Spikenard, Sivrsaparilla, etc. The 

 latter is sometimes substituted for the SarsapariUa of the shops. 



1. ARA^LIA, L. Wild Sabsaparilla, etc. Calyx tube adherent 

 to the ovary, limb short, 5-toothed or entire ; petals 6, spreading, apex 

 not inflexed ; stamens 5, epigynous ; styles and carpels 5 ; berry crowned 

 with the remains of the calyx and styles, mostly 6-celled and 5-seeded. — 

 Lvs. compound. Fls. in simple, solitary, or racemous umbels. 



§ Plants wholly herbaceous and unarmed Nos, 1, 2 



I Plants shrubby at base or wholly shrubby, prickly Nos. 3, 4 



1 A. nudioaiilis L. Nearly stemless; If. sohtary, decompound; scape naked 

 shorter than the If., bearing the few umbels. — If A well-known plant, found in 

 wooda, most abundant in rich and rocky soil, Can. to Car. and Tenn. It has a 

 large, fleshy root, from which arise a leaf-atalk and a scape, but no proper stem. 

 The former ia long, supporting a single, large, compound leaf, which is either 

 3-temate or 3-quinate. Lfts. oval and obovate, acuminate, finely serrate. The 

 scape ia about a foot high, bearing 3 simple umbels of greenish fla. Jn., JL 



2 A. racemosa L. Petttmoeeel. Spikenard. St. herbaceous, smooth; lvs. 

 decompound ; umbels mwmerous, smaU, arranged in a decompound panicle. — % In 

 rooky wooda. Can. to the S. States. St. 3 to 4f high, dark green or reddish, 

 arising from a thick, aromatic root. The If. -stalks divide into 3 partitions, each of 

 which bears 3 or 5 large, ovate, serrate lfts. Umbels numerous, arranged in 

 branching racemes from the axils of the lvs. or branches. The root is pleasant to 

 the taste, and highly esteemed as an ingredient in small beer, eta JL 



3 A. bispida L. Wild Eujee. Beistly Aealia. St. shrubby at base, hispid, 

 with prickles, herbaceous above ; lvs. bipinnate, Ifta. ovate,« cut-aerrate ; umbels on 

 long ped., forming a terminal corymb. — y Common in fields about stumps and 

 stoneheaps, N. Eng. to Va. St. 1 to 2f high, the lower part woody and thickly 

 beset with sharp, stiff bristles, the upper part branching, herbaceous. Lfts. many, 

 ending in a long point, smooth. Umbels many, simple, globous, forming bunches 

 of dark-colored, nauseous berries. Plant ill scented. J!., Aug. 



4 A. spinosaL. AuaELicA Thee. Arborescent; st. and petioles prickly ; lvs. 

 bi- and tripinnate, lfts. ovate, acuminate, sessile, glaucous beneath ; umbels nu- 

 merous, forming a Very large panicle; invol. small, few-leaved. — ^Damp woods, 

 Penn. and Ohio to Fla. and La. Shrub 8 to 12f high, with the lvs. all crowded 



