OBDfiK 70.— COMPOSITE. 445 



3 Z. pauciflorum, with bright yellow flowers is sometimes cultivated. 



49. HELIOP'SIS, Pers. Ox-eye, (Gr. ijXiog, the sun, dijiig, appear- 

 ance ; flowers radiant like the sun.) Hds. radiate ; involucre imbricate, 

 with ovate, subequal scales ; rays linear, large, ? ; disk g ; receptacle 

 chaffy, conical, the pales lanceolate; achenia 4 -sided ; pappus 0. — U 

 Lvs. opposite. Hds. large. Fls. yellow. (Helianthus, L.) 



H. l^vis Pers. St. smooth ; lvs. ovate-oblong, coarsely serrate, petiolate, 3- 

 veined, smooth beneath, upper ones usually lanceolate, lower ones more or less 

 truncate at base. — A large, symmetrical plant, in hedges and thickets, U. S. St. 

 angular, striate, di- or trichotomously branched above, 3 to 5f high. Lvs. 2 to 

 6' by 1 to 4', acute, distinctly 3-veined. Branches thickened at the summit, each 

 terminating with a large, solitary, yellow head. Rays lanceolate, broad at base 

 and obtuse at summit. Jn., Jl. 

 p. GRACILIS. Small and slender; lvs. scabrous, ovate-lanceolate, acute at 



base. — 2f high. (H. gracilis, Nutt.) 

 y. scXbea. St. and lvs. scabrous and yellowish-green ; lvs. somewhat deltoid, 

 distinctly truncate at base. — 6f high. Common in Ind. (H. scabra. Hook.) 



50. TETRAGONOTHE'CA, Dill. (Gr. rerpa, four; yow, angle; e^KTj, 

 envelope.) Heads radiate; involucre double, the outer of 4 leafy bracts 

 united at base, the inner of 8 small scales similar to the chaff' of the 

 conical receptacle; achenia smooth, truncate, destitute of pappus. — 2f 

 Herb clothed with viscid hairs, opposite lvs., with yellow-flowered, 

 large hds. 



T. helianthoides L. Sandy soils, Ta. to Ma. and Ala. A stout, coarse, un- 

 sightly herb, 2f high. Lvs. ovate, sessile, repand-toothed, 3 to 5' long. Hds. 1 

 or few, on long peduncles, the rays spreading nearly 3'. Cor. strongly veined. 

 Apr. — Jn. 



51. ECHINACEA, Moench. P0hplb Cone-flower. (Gr. ^x^vog, 

 the hedgehog ; from the character of the pales.) Heads radiate ; invo- 

 lucre, scales in 2 rows; ray flowers neutral; disk flowers ^ ; receptacle 

 conic, with rigid, mucronate pales; achenia 4-angled; pappus 0. — 2C 

 Lvs. alternate. Rays purple, pendulous. (Rudbeclda, L.', Nutt.) 



1 E. purpurea Moench. Tery rough; lower lvs. iroad-ovaie, 5-veined, attentate 

 at base, remotely toothed ; cauiine lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, nearly entire ; rays 

 12 tot 15, very long, deflexed, biud. — Thickets and barrens, W. and S. States. 

 Plant showy, 4f high, branched. Lvs. 4 to 8' long, rough with short, stiff bristles, 

 3-veined. Hds. large, solitary, on long ped. l5isk thickly beset with the stiff, 

 pointed, brown chaff. Rays 2 to 3' long, pendulous, rarely varying to white. 

 tJl.— Sept. 



2 E. angustifolia DO. St. hispid, subsimple, slender, naked above ; lvs. entire, 

 hispidly pubescent, S-veined, lower lanceolate, petiolate, upper lance-lijiear, sessile ; 

 scales in about 2 rows, short; rays 12 to 15, slender, drooping. — Prairies and 

 matshes, 111., Mo. to Tex. Plant of a more slender habit than the last, 2 to 3f 

 high. Hds. on long, naked ped. Bays 1 to. 2' long, purple, varving to white. 

 Disk brown. May — Jl. 



, 52. RUDBECKI'A, L. (To the celebrated Olaus Budbeck, Professor 

 of Botany, at Upsal, Sweden.) Heads radiate ; involucre scales nearly 

 equal, leafy, in a double row, 6 in each ; ray-flowers neutral ; disk per- 

 fect ; receptacle conic or columnar, with unarmed pales or chaff"; 

 achenia 4-angled ; pappus none, or a lacerate or toothed margin. — 2f 

 Lvs. alternate. Hds. large. Rays yellow. 



§ Kays large, drooping. Disk colurannr, at least in fruit ISos. 1, 2 



§ Kays spreading. Disk dark purple, conical or rounded. (*) 



* Leaves deeply lobed or parted, the upper undivided Nos. 8, 4 



* Leaves undivided. — Pales oT tlie disk whitish-downy Nos. 6, 6 



— Pales dark purole as well as the flowers Nos. 7—0 



