448 Obdeb to.— COMPOSITES!. 



6 H. rigidus Dss£ St. rigid, simple or with few branches, scabrous or smooth- 

 Ish, nearly naked above ; Ivs. lanceolate, tapering to each end, petiolate, mostly 

 opposite, tripli- veined, serrulate or entire, rigid, scabrous both .sides ; hd9, few; 

 scales in many rows ovate, acvie, regularly imbricate, shorter tlian the disk ; psilea 

 obtusish. — Prairies, &c.. Wis. (Lapham), to Mo., La., &c. Plant 2 to 4f high. 

 Lvs. 3 to 6' by J to 1', very rough with papillous hairs, but less so than H. divari- 

 oatus. Rays 12 to 20, expaading 2 to 3", light , yellow. (H. scaberrimus BIL) : 



7 H. atrorCibens L. St. with few long, naked peduncles above, hirsute below; 

 lvs. ovate, or oval, obtusish, abruptly contracted into winged petioles, subserrate, 

 rough or hispid, 3-veined ; scales oiovate or oblong, obtuse, 3-iieined, aboilt equaling 

 .the disk; pales obtusish. — Dry soils, Ta. to Pla. and Ark. St. 2 to if high. Ivs. 



. mostly near the base, large. Hds. small, few, with 12 to 15 rays, 9 to 10" long. 

 Aug. — Oct. 



8 I^. giganteus L. St. rough, hairy lvs., alternate (the lowest opposite), lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, serrate, scabrous, obscurely S-veined, tapering at base into short, 

 ciliate, winged petioles ; scales lanceolate-linear, oiliate ; pappus of 2 short, slightly 

 fringed scales. — Can. to Oar. and Ky., in low grounds and thickets. Stem 4— 8f 

 high, purplish, branching above into a corymbous panicle of large, yellow iiowers. 

 Leaves 2 — 5' by -J — 1', opposite or alternate in various degrees. Rays 12 — 20. 

 Variable. 



"/?. AMBiGnns. 'Lvs. nearly all opposite, sessile and rounded at base." — L. I. 

 (T. & a.) 



9 H. tomentosus Mx. St. stout, pubescent, branched above ; lvs. mostly alter- 

 nate, acuminate, nearly entire, scabrous above, tomentous or nearly glabrous be- 

 neath, lower ones ovate, petiolate, upper long-lanceolate, subsessile ; hds. long.pedun- 

 culate; scales lance-linear, long-acuminate, villous, squarrous; chaff 3-toothed, 

 hirsute at summit. — Dry soils. 111. to Ga. Plant 4 to 8f high, with ample lvs. and 

 lis. Lvs. 6 to 12' by 2 to 6', some of them tripli-veined. Rays elliptical lanceo- 

 late, about 15" long. Aug. — Oct. f 



(8. Lvs. oval, mostly opposite. — Gta. (H. spatulatus EU.; 



10 'H. grosse-serrEitua Martens. St. smooth and glaucous ,- lvs. mostly alternate, 

 lanceolate, or lance-ovate, long-acuminate, sharply serrate, scabrous above, hoary 

 and softly pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted uito naked petioles; scales 

 lance-subulate, Icusely imbricated, sparingly ciliate, as long as the disk. — Ohio, 

 Ind,, 111., to La. Allied to H. giganteus. St. 4 to 6f high. Lva. 6 to 9' by 1 to 

 2', broadest near the base, lower ones rather coarsely serrate. Rays 15 to 20, 

 expaading near 3'. Aug., Sept. 



11 H. tuberdsus L. Jebusalem Aktichoke. Bool bearing.oblong tubers; lvs. 

 3-veined, rough, lower ones opposite, cordate-ovate, upper ovate, acuminate, 

 alternate; petioles ciliate at base.— If Native of Brazil. The plant has been cul- 

 tivated for the sake of its tuberous roots, which are used for pickles. It is natu- 

 ralized iu borders of fields, hedges, &c. Sept. §J 



12 H. Isetiflorus Pors. St. rough and branched above ; lvs.ovaJrlanceolate,wa.- 

 minate,, serrate, tripli-veined, very rough on both sides, on short petioles, upper 

 ones often .alternate ; scales ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, appressed, a little .shorter than 

 ihe disk; chaff entire or 3-toothed; rays 12 to 20. — Barrens, &c., Ind., Ohio (Torr. 

 & Gr.) A rough, but showy plant, 3 to 4f high. Lva thick, 5 to 8' by 1 J to 

 2|'. Rays nearly 2' in length. Disk yellow. Aug. — Oct. f 



13 H. oooidentalis Riddell. St. slender, simple, nearly naked above ; lvs. oppo- 

 site, oval, scabrous, obscurely serrate, contracted at base into long, hairy petioles, 

 upper ones small and few, entire; hds. pedunculate; scales lance-oval, appressed. 

 Sand prairies, W. States. St. 3 to 5f high, scape-like, slender. Lvs. 3 to 5' by 

 1 to 2', upper ones 1 to 2' long. Hds. few, middle size. Rays 12 to 15, light 

 yellow. Jl. — Sept. f 



14 H. mollis Lam. St. villous ; ivs. ovate, acuminate, sessile, cordate and clasp- 

 mg, entire or subserrate, tomentous canescent, opposite, upper ones sometimes 

 alternate ; scales lanceolate, viUous canescent ; pales entire, acute and canescent above. 

 Prairies and barrens, Ohio, Ind., Mo., common. A hoary and villous species, 2 to 

 4f high, nearly simple. Lva. 3 to B' long, .J to f as wide. Rays 15 to 25, i to 

 1' by i', Jl.— 7Sept. (H, oanesoena M;x.) 



