4V4' Obdeb 70.— COMPOSIT-^ 



scales), glabrous, abruptly narrowed to a long, filiform beak ; pappus 

 copious, soft, capillary, white, fugacious. — H'el-bs with leafy stems and 

 paniculate hds. of various colors. (Fig. 333.) 



1 L. graminifdlia Mx. St. terete, simple, stiict ; Ivs. long, Ukear, entire, or the 

 lower sparingly sinuate-lobed, the lobes turned backwards; panicle loose, naked; 

 scales 6 to S; fls. 20 or more; ach. oval, as long as their beaks (2"). — Dry soils, 

 S. Car., 6a. to La. St. 2 to 4f high, not very slender, hollow. Lvs. partly clasp- 

 ing, 3 to 6 to 8' long, 3 to 4" wide. Cor. purple, varying to white, rarelyyellow. 

 Apr. — Sept. 



2 L. elongdta L. Teuitpet Mh-kweed. Lvs. smooth and pale beneath, am- 

 plexicaul, rvmcinate-pinnaUfid, upper lanceolate, entire, sessile; hds. raeemous- 

 panioulate; scales few; fls. 12 or more. — A common rank plant, growing in 

 hedges, thickets, where the soil is rich and damp. St. hollow, stout, S^toBf 

 high, often purple, bearing a leafless, spreading panicle of numerous hds. of fls. 

 Lvs. very variable, the lower 6 to 12' long, commonly deeply runcinate. Corol- 

 las yellow, varying to purplish. Achenia oblong, compressed, about the length 

 of the beak. Jl., Aug. 



/3. INTBGEIFOLIA. Lvs. nearly all undivided, lanceolate, sessile, the lowest 

 often sagittate at base. (L. integrifolia Bw. L. sagittiifolia Ell.) 



■y. SANGUINAKEA. Lvs. runcinate, amplexioaul, mostly pubescent, glaucous 

 beneath; fls. purple. St. 2 to 3f high, often purple. (L. sanguinarea Bw.) 



3 Ii. sativa L. G-akdi^jj Lettuce. St. corymbous; lvs. suborbicular, the 

 cauline ones cordate. — ©Cultivated for salad. Plant with very smooth, yellow- 

 ish green foliage, which in one variety (capitata) is so abundant as to form iieads 

 like the cabbage. Fls. numerous, small, with yellowish corollas. The milky 

 juice contains opium, hence the unpleasant narcotic effects when eaten too 

 freely. | 



113. MULGE'DIUM, Cass. Wild Lettuce. (Lat. mulffeo, to roWk; 

 in allusion to the milky juice.) Involucre many-flowered, somewhat 

 double, the outer series of scales short and imbricated ; receptacle 

 naked, faveolate ; pappus copious, soft, capillary, crowning the short 

 beaked achenia, which are compressed contrary to the scales. — Lvs. 

 mostly spinulous. Hds. with many yellow or cyanic fls. (Sonchus, 

 Willd. Agathyrsus, Don.) (Fig. 332.) 



§ Corollas blue. Pappus bright white Nos. 1, 2 



g Corollas cream-colored, turning purplish. Pappus tawuy No. 8 



1 M. acuminatum DO. Lvs. ovate, acuminate, petiolaie, dentate, undivided, or 

 the radical slightly runcinate ; hds. loosely paflicvdate, on somewhat bracteolate 

 peduncles ; ach. slightly beaked. — In hedges and thickets, N. Y. to Ind. and S. 

 States. A smooth plant, 3 to 6f high, with the stem often purplish. Lvs. 3 to 

 6' long, the lower ones often deltoid-hastate or truncate at base, sinuate-denticu- 

 late, narrowed at base into a winged petiole. Hds. small. Scales dark purple, 

 with blue corollas. Pappus white on the short-beaked, ovate-acuminate achenia. 

 Aug., Sept. 



2 M. Florid^num DC. Lvs. runcinately pinnkte-parted ; segm. few, serrate- 

 dentate, upper ones triangular, acute or acuminate ; panicle loose, erect, com- 

 pound ; ach. short-beaked. — "W. and S. States, hedges and waste grounds. Plant 

 with a terminal panicle of blue flowers. St. 3 to 6f high. Lvs. 4 to 8' long, 

 variable in form. Hds. small. Rays expanding 9". Jl. — Sept. 



3 M. leuooph^um DC. Lvs. numerous, lyrate-runcinate, coarsely dentate; 

 hds. paniculate, on squamous-braoteate peduncles ; pappus tawny ; cor. yeUounsh. — 

 Moist thickets, N. and W. States. A tall, leafy plant, nearly smooth. St. 4 to 

 lOf high. Lvs. 5 to 12' long, irregularly divided, the segm. remand-toothed, the 

 radical on long stalks, the upper ones sessile, often undivided. Hds. small, in a 

 long, slender panicle. Aug., Sept. 



114. SON'CHUS, L. 8ow-Thi8tlb. (The ancient name.) Invo- 

 lucre many-flowered imbricate, of numerous unequal scales, at length 



