Order 83.— BIGNONIACB^. 513 



Genera 44, species 450, mostly .South Aiuei'icun, Others are diffused in all countries, par- 

 ticularly within the tropics. Several of the Brazilian species of Bignonia afford a valuable tim- 

 ber. But this order is best known for the beauty of its flowers. (Figs. 210, 284, 285, 279.) 



* Leaves compound. Valves of the pod parallel with the partition Bigkonia. 1 



* Leaves compound. Valves of the pod contrary to the partition Tecoma, 2 



* Leaves simple. Pod straight, cylindrio. Partition suboyllndi-ic Catalpa. S 



1. BIGNO'NIA, Tourn. (Named for the Abbe Bignon, Librarian to 

 Louis XIV.) Calyx margin 5-toothed or entire; corolla somewhat 

 bilabiate, 5-cleft, funnel-shaped ; stamens didynamous, 4 fertile, 1 a ster- 

 ile filament; capsule long and narrow; valves flat or scarcely convex, 

 parallel with the partition. — Trees, shrubs, or woody climbers, often 

 with tendrils. 



B. capreolata L. Ceoss-vtne. Climbing, glabrous ; Ivs. binate, cirrhous, leaf- 

 lets 2, lance-ovate, cordnte, ficurainate, entire, a branched tendril between ; ped. 

 1-flowered, 2 to 3 together, axillary ; calyx nearly entire. — Woods, Ta. and Tenn. 

 (Miss Dana), to Pla. and La. A vine with smooth, reddish brown bark, 30 to 

 50f long, very slender, over shrubs, up tall trees. Fls. large, red, orange within. 

 Pods 1 or 8' long, f wide, curved, flat, with many broad-winged seeds both sides 

 of the broad partition. Mar. — May. 



2. TECO^MA, Juss. (Bignonia L.) Trumpet Flower. Calyx cam- 

 panulate, 6-toothed ; corolla tube short, throat dilated, limb 5-lobed, 

 subbilabiate or equal ; stamens 4, didynamous, with the rudiments of a 

 fifth, anther-cells 2, diverging ; capsule 2-celled, 2-valved, the valves 

 contrary to the partition ; seeds winged. — Trees or shrubs, often climb- 

 ing. Lvs. opposite, digitate, or unequally pinnate. 



1 T. rddicans Juss. Climbing by radicating tendrils; lvs. unequally pinnate, Ifts. 

 4 or 5 pairs, ovate, acuminate, dentate-serrate, puberulent beneath along the 

 veins ; corymbs terminals ; cor. tube thrice longer than the ceil. ; siam. included. — 

 A splendid climber in woods and thickets, along rivers, Penn. to Pla., "W. to 111. 

 St. 20 to 80f in length, ascending trees. Lvs. 10 to 15' long, Ifts. 2 to 3' by 1 to 

 2'. Pis. 2J' long, of a bright scarlet. Pods 6' long, curved. A transverse sec- 

 tion showing a cross. . Seeds very numerous. Jn. — Aug. f 



2 T. Capensia Lindl. Glabrous ; lvs. unequally pinnate, Ifts. 3 to 4 pairs, 

 roundish -ovate, acuminate, serrate, bearded in the axils of the veins beneath ; ra- 

 cemes pedunculate, dense-flowered ; cor. long, tubular, incurved ; stam. and sty. ex- 

 serted. — Cultivated. Cor. 2' long, yellow scarlet. The stylo far projecting, f 

 Cape of Good Hope. 



3 T. grandiflora Delaun. Chinese Trumpet Flower. Climbing, glabrous ; 

 lvs. unequally pinnate, Ifts. 3 to 5 pairs, ovate-acuminate, dentate-serrate ; pani- 

 cle terminal ; pedicels nodding, biglandutar ; cor. tube scarcely longer, than the 5-clefi 

 calyx. — Pis. of a rich scarlet, shorter and broader than in T. radioans. f China 

 and Japan. 



3. CATAL'PA, Scop. Catalpa. (The Indian name.) Calyx 

 2-parted ; corolla campanulate, 4 or 5-cleft, the tube inflated ; stamens 



2 fertile, 2 or 3 sterile ; stigma 2-lipped ; capsule 2-celled, long, cylin- 

 dric. — Trees. Lvs. opposite or ternate-verticillate, simple, petiolate. 

 Fls. in large, showy, terminal panicles. 



C. bignonioides "Walt. Lvs. membranous, ovate-cordate, pubescent beneath, 

 acuminate, subentire ; branches of the panicle di-trichotomous ; cal. lips mucro- 

 nate. — A fine, wide spreading tree, native in the Southern States, but cultivated 

 at the North for ornament and shade. In favorable circumstances it attains the 

 height of 50]^ with a diam. of nearly 2f. Lvs. beautifully heart-shaped, with a 

 silky luster, often a foot in length. It blossoms in great profusion. Cor. cam- 

 panulate, white, with yellow and violet spots. >Oaps. cylindrio near a foot in 

 length ; seed winged. May— Jl. (See Pigs. 210 ; 284, 5 ; 463.) 



33 



