Oeder 88.— TEEBBNACE^. 537 



J Shrubs. Fruit flesiiy.— Flowers 4-pttrted, (ixiUai-y. Drupe 4-seeded Cailicaepa. ♦ 



— FJowers 4-partoa, axill.iry. Drupe 2-seeded Lantana. 5 



—Flowers 4-piirtec1, terminal. Drupe 2-secded Aiovsia. 6 



— Flowera 5-parted.— Seeds 4. Leaves simple Clerodendrvm. T 



— Seed 1. Leaves compound... ViTEx. 8 



1. YERBE'NA, L. Vervain. (Celtic fer-fcen, to expel stone ; hence 

 Eng. vervain, Lat. verbena.) Calyx 5-toothed, with one of the teeth 

 often shorter ; corolla funnel-form, limb somewhat unequally S-lobed ; 

 stamens 4, included, the upper pair .sometimes abortive ; drupe splitting 

 into 4, 1-seeded, indehiscent carpels. — Herbs or undershrubs. Lvs. op- 

 posite. Fls. sessile, mostly in spikes or hds. 



* Spicate ; the open corollas lateral in slender spikes, (a) 



a Stem simple (mostly) bearing a single spike. Leaves oblone Nos. 1,2 



a Stem branched, with many splices.— Leaves mostlysimple. . ." Nos. 3—5 



— Leaves much divided Nos'. 6 — 8 



* Corymbed ; the open corollas forming a terminal (spike) corymb Nos. 9—1 1 



1 V. angxistifolia Mx. Erect, mostly simple ; lvs. oblong-linear, tapering to the 

 base, remotely serrate, with furrowed veins; spikes fililbrm, solitary, axillary and 

 tormmal ; cor. Uue; bracts as long as calyx. A small, hairy species Ibund on rocky 

 hill3 and other dry soils, N. Y. to Ta., ^V. to the Miss. St. not more than a foot 

 high, with narrow (2 to 3' by 3 to 5"), rough lvs. and slender spikes • of deep 

 blue fls. Jl. {V. rugosa, ■Willd.) 



2 V. Caroliniina L. Assurgent subsimplo, scabrous-pubernleut ; lvs. oblong- 

 obovate, obtuse or blpntly acute, crenate-dentate, sessile ; fls. in a loose terminal 

 spike: cor. large, rose-colored ; .bracts minute, half as long as the calyx; carp. 4, 

 not separating.— li Dry soils, g. States, common. St. 1 to 2f high. Lvs. 18" to 

 3', varying to oval, and in some specimens decidedly hastate ! often acute. Spike 

 6 to 12' long. Fls. showy, 6" long, cal. 2". May — Jl. 



3 V. hastata L. Common Teevain. Erect; lvs. lanceolate, acuminate, incisely 

 serrate, petiolate, the lower ones lobed or hastate; spikes erect, dense, slender, 

 panicled; fls. imbricated. — 2| Frequently by roadsides and in low grounds, 

 mostly throughout the U. S. and Can. St. 3 to 6f high, with paniculate, opposite 

 branches above. Lva rough and rugous, 2 to 4' long, variously toothed; Fls. 

 small, blue, arranged in long, close, imbricated spikes which are erect and parallel. 

 Jl. — Sept. § Eur. (T. paniculata Lam.) — Taries with the lvs. incised or pinnati- 

 fid, and spikes loose-flowered ; — evidently hybrids. (Engelm.) 



4 v. ■urticafolia L. Erect, subpubescent ; lvs. ovate and ovate-lanceolate, serrate,, 

 acute, petiolate ; spikes axillary and terminal, loose filiform ; fls. separate ; bracts' 

 shorter than the calyx. — 2f About roadsides and rubbish. A weed of uninviting 

 appearance, 2 to 3f high, with lvs. resembling those of the nettle. It has long, 

 slender, weak, green divergent spikes remotely filled witll small, white, distinct 

 flowers. Seeds 4. Jl., Aug. § Eur. 



5 V. stricta Vent. Mullein-leaved Yertain. Hirsute and hoary; st. thick 

 rigidiy erect, branched above ; lvs. oval or obovate, unequally dentate, sessile, aoiite 

 rugous; spikes erect, strict, imbricate and dense-flowered. — y An erect, rigid, 

 and rather handsome species, in dry fields, "VV. States, common. Very hirsute 1 

 to 3f high. Lvs. 2 to 3' by 1 to 2', numerous, veiny tmd whitish beneath. Cor. 

 blue, thrice larger (4" broad) than in V. hastata. Jl. 



6 'V. bractio.sa Mx. Decumbent, branched, divaricate, very hairy ; lvs. laciniate 

 rugous ; spikes terminal, thick, many-flowered ; bracts lance-linear, longer than the 

 fls., thrice longer than the calyx. — y Dry fields and roadsides. Mid. W. and S. 

 States. Whole plant hairy and hoary, 8 to 16' long, remarkable for its squarrous, 

 bracted spikes. Lvs. 1 to 2' long. Fls. small, blue. Jn. — Sept. (Zapania, Lam.) 



7 ^V. spuria L. Assurgent, divaricately branching, hairy ; lvs. ovate-lanceolate, 3-ckft, 

 laciniately lobed and toothed; spikes slender, loose; bracts a little longer than the 

 calyx. — y Conn., Md. to Ga. An unsightly plant, with a square stem, 1 to 2f 

 high, half erect, di- and trichotomous above. Lvs. attenuate and subpetiolate at 

 base. Spikes 3 to G' long, dense before flowering, loose after. Cal. 1'' long, cor. 

 2", blue. Aug., Sept. — Differs from V. ofBcinalia of Europe in its petiolate lvs. 

 and longer bracts. 



