Order 90.— BOERAGINACE^. 563 



12. ECHinOSPER'MUffl, Swartz. Burr-seed. (Gr. ix'^vog, the sea- 

 urchin, arrepfia, seed ; from the character.) Calyx 5-parted ; corolla 

 hypocrateriform, orifice closed with concave scales ; achenia 4, erect, 

 bearing 1 to 3 rows of echinate prickles, smooth between, compressed 

 or angular, fixed to a central column. — Herbs with bracted rac. and 

 small, blue fls. 



E. Lappula Lehm. St. branched above; Ivs. lanceolate or linear-Ianoeolate, 

 hairy ; cor. longer than the calyx, the border erect-spreading ; ach. each with 2 

 rows of hooked prickles on the margin. — (D An erect herbj in dry soils, roadsides, 

 N. States to Arc. Am. Stem having a dry, grayish aspect, from its dense hairs, 

 about a foot high, undivided except at the top, where it branches into a kind of 

 panicle. Leaves 1' by 1 — 2", sessile. Flowers very small, blue. Jl. (Roche- 

 lia Roem. Cynoglossum Scop.) 



13. CYNOGLOS'SUffl, Toum. Hound's Tongue. (Gr. icvm>, a dog, 

 yXQaaa, tongue ; from the form of the long, soft leaves.) Calyx 5- 

 parted ; corolla short, infundibuliform, vaulted ; orifice closed by 5 con- 

 verging, convex scales ; achenia covered with echinate prickles, de- 

 pressed, forming a broad, pyramidal fruit, and each fixed laterally to 

 the style. — Cor. blue, purple or white. 



§ Kacemes without br.icts or nearly so Nos. 1, 2 



§ Kaccnies bracted at base, but the pedicels always e.'ctra-axiilaiy. No. 3 



1 C. oiBcinalis L. Common Hound's Tongue. Silky-pubescent, leafy to the top; 

 root-lvs. lance-oblong, attenuate at base to a petiole, upper sessile or amplexicaul ; 

 rac. bractless, paniculate, not stalked; nuts margined in front. — y "Waste grounds, 

 pastures, common. Plant of a, dull green color, emitting a disagreeable smelL 

 St. erect, hairy, 1 to 2f high. Lvs. with soft down on both sides, entire, 6 to 10' 

 by 1 to 2', tapering into a long, attenuated base, the upper much smaller. Clus- 

 ters terminal, panioled, recurved at the end. Fls. with a downy calyx and a 

 dull red corolla. Cal. leaf-like in fruit. Sds. rough with hooked prickles. Jl. 

 §Eur. 



2 C- Virgmioum 1. Hirsute-pilous ; lvs. oblong-oval, acute, upper ones clasp- 

 ing, cordate, all on the lower half of the stem ; corymb terminal, leafless, on a long, 

 nailed peduncle. — y Inhabiting woods and thickets, Vt. to Ta. and lU., rare in N. 

 Eng. A hairy plant, 2f high, simple, bearing at the top of its leafless summit a 

 small, panioled corymb of pale purple flowers. Radical lvs. 5 to 6' long and half 

 as wide. Cal. and pedicels very hairy. Jn. (C. amplexioaule Mx.) 



3 C. Morrisoni DC. Beggar-ticks. St. widely branched ; lvs. oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, scabrous above, pubescent beneath ; rac. divaricate, dichotomous ; 

 fr. densely covered with prickles, doubly barbed at the point. — (J) In rocky 

 grounds and rubbish, Can. to Fla. St. furrowed, 2 to 3f high, with many slen- 

 der, remote, wide-spread branch's, each terminating in a centrifugal, racemous 

 inflorescence. Lvs. entire, remote, large (4 to 8' long), tapering to each end, the 

 lower ones petioled. Fls. very smallj white, the pedicels nodding in fruit. Jl. 

 (Eohinospermum Virginicum Lehm.) 



Order XCI. HYDROPHYLLACE^. Hydrophtlls. 



T 



Herbs mostly, with alternate lobed leaves and regular bluish flowers. Calyx 5- 

 deft, usually with appendages at the clefts, persistent, free. Corolla 5-lobed, often 

 with 10 honey scales or furrows near the base. Stamens 5, inserted into the cor- 

 olla, with a deeply bifid style. Ovary entiie, ovoid, free, 1-eelled, with 2 parietal, 

 several-seeded placentae. Fruit 2-valved, filled by the placenta. Seeds reticulated, 

 albuminous. 



Oenera 18, epecies 77, chiefly Amei-ican. Properties unimportant. 



