632 Obbeb US.—VTMMOEM. 



sistent, with 6 spreading, colored segments; stamens 3, very short, 

 filaments united at base, anthers didymous. $ Calyx as in the $ ; 

 styles 3, bifid ; capsule 3-celled ; cells 2-valved, 1 — 2-seeded. — Herbs 

 or shrubs with alternate, stipulate leaves and minute, axillary flowers. 



F. Carolin^nsis "Walt. (P. obovatua 'Waicl.) St. erect, herbaceous, with alter- 

 nate branches ; Ivs. simple, entire, glabrous, oval and obovate, obtuse, slightly 

 petioled ; fls. few, subsoUtary, axillary. — (J) A small-leaved, dehoate plant, Penu. 

 to 111. and South. Stem 6 — 10' high, slender, the branches filiform. Leaves of 

 the stem G — 8" by 4 — 5", of the branches twice, and of the branchlets four times 

 smaller. Flowers 1 — 3 in each axil, the 3 with the ? nearly 1" diam., whitish. 

 July, Aug. 



10. PACHYSAN'DRA, Mx. (Gr. Traxvg, thick, &v6pa, stamen.) 

 Flowers 8 , apetalous, in bracteate spites ; calyx '4-parted ; $ stamens 4, 

 filaments distinct, large, subclavate ; ovary a rudiment ; ¥ stylos 3, re- 

 curved; capsule 3-horned, 3-celled, cells 2-valved, 2-soeded. — If Herbs 

 procumbent, from long, creeping, rhizomes. Lvs. nearly glabrous, alter- 

 nate, exstipulate. Spikes situated below the lvs. 



P. procumbens Mx. Sts. simple ; lvs. few, oval, coarsely crenate-toothed, nar- 

 rowed into a slender petiole ; spikes from near the base of the stem, co -flowered, 

 the fertile below the sterile each subtended by 2 or 3 narrow bracts.'— -Mts. of 

 Ta. and B. Tenn. to Ga. Sts. 6 to 9' long. Lvs. 1 to 2', all of them above the 

 few spikes which are about the same length. Mar — May. 



11. BUX'US, L. Box-wood. (The Greek name of this plant was 

 7n3|bf.) Flowers 5, axillary. — $ Calyx ^-leaved, petals 2; sta. 4, with 

 the rudiment of an ovary. ? Cal. 4-sepaled ; pot. 3 ; sty. 3 ; caps, 

 with 3 beaks and 3 cells ; seeds 6. — Shrubs and trees. Lvs. evergreen, 

 opposite. 



B. semp^rvirens L. Lvs. ovate : petioles hairy at edge ; anth. ovate, sag- 

 ittate. — Var. ANOUSTIFOLIA has narrow, lanceolate leaves. Tar. soffeutioosa, 

 the dwarf box has obovate leaves and a stem scarcely woody, highly esteemed 

 for edgings in gardens. — The box with its varieties is native of Europe, and fur- 

 nishes the well-known box-wood so extensively used by engravers, mathematical 

 instrument makers, &c. 



Order CXHI. ULMACE^. Elmworts. 



Frees with a colorless juice, alternate, deciduous loaves and stipules, with the 

 flowers perfect, or abortively polygamous, in loose clusters, never in aments. Ocdyx 

 Buboampamilate, bearing the stamens opposite to its lobes, filaments straight, ovary 

 free, 1 or 2-oell6d, with two stigmas, forming in fruit a samara or a drupe. Seed 

 suspended, with no albumen and leafy cotyledons. Fig. 46. E. 115, 437. 



Genera 9, species 60, native of the northern temperate zone. 



Properties. — Astringent, .mucila;2;Jnous, innoxuous. The inucUaginou,s bark of tho Slippery Ehn 

 (Ulmiis fulva) is the only important medicinal product. Most of tlie Elms afford excellent limber. 



l. UL'MUS, L. Elm. (The Latin name, from elm, Teutonic.) Flowers 

 i^ . Calyx campanulate, 4 to 8-cIofit ; stamens 4 to 8 ; styles 2 ; ovary 

 compressed forming a flattened samara with a broad membranous bor- 

 der. — Trees, rarely shrubs. Lvs. scabrous, often abrupt at base. Fls. 

 fasciculate or racemed, appearing before the lvs. 



§ Samara ciliate-fringcd with hairs, and on blender pedicels, (a) 



a Flowers and fruit oorymbons-umbellftte. Branches not corky No. 1 



a Flowers and fruit manifestly racemed. Branches corky Noa. !!, 3 



§ S.imara destitute of a fringe, subsessllo or short pedicelcd Nos. 4—6 



