Order 119.— OUPULIFEBJS. 643 



§ Leaves mostly entire, the ends subequal, the petioles very short. Fruit @. (*) 



* Peiliincle longer than the oblong acorn. Leaves evergreen No. 1 



♦ Peduncle shorter than the acorn. — Leaves downy beneath Nos. 2, 3 



— Leaves smooth both sides Nos. 4, 5 



§ Leaves 3-Iobed and dilated above, ehort-petioled, awnlesB when mature. Pr. @. .Nos. 6, 7 

 § Leaves S to 9-lobed or iiinnatifld, broad, lobes seiaceounly owned. Fruit ©. (*) 



• Leaves at base cuneate, sbort-petioled, 3 or 5-lobed. Shrubs or small trees. .. .Nos. 8—10 



* Leaves at bade abrupt or truncate, mostly long-petioled, 7 to 9-lobed. (a) 



a Nut one-third immersed in the saucer-shaped, fine-scaled cup Nos. 11, 13 



a Nut near half immersed, in the hemispherical, coivrsc-scaled cup. (b) 



b Leaves cinerous-downy beneath, acorn also downy No. 13 



b Leaves (except when young) glabrous both sides Nos. 14—16 



S Leaves 5 to 9-lobed, divisions obtuse, never bristle-awned. Fruit ®, sessile Nos. 17 — 19 



§ Leaves 13 to 25-touthed, downy beneath, teeth awnless. Acorn sweet, eatable, (c) 



Acorns large (1' long) pedunculate Nos. 20, 21 



C Acorns small (8" long) nearly sessile Nos. 22, 23 



L Q. virens Ait. Live Oak. Lvs. coriaceous, elliptic-oblcBig, obtuse, downy 

 and paler beneath; cup turbinate; nut oblong-oliovoid, on a slender pedutcle. — 

 In the maritime or lev districtn of the S. States. Tree 40 to 50, rarely TOf high, 

 of slow growth. ' Branches widely spreadiug.' Bark blackish and thick. "Wood 

 very heavy, close-grained, yellowish. Lvs. 18" to 3' long, short petioled, the old 

 ones cinerous-green, revolute-edged. Peduncle about 1' long, acorn 9" by 6", 

 maturing the second year. May. — The timber is in great demand for ship build- 

 ing and is fast disappearing. 



2 Q. cinera Ph. Upland Willow Oak. Lvs. coriaceous, tardily deciduous, 

 lanceolate-oblong, entii'c, apex aoutish, muoronate, margin re/volute, white-downy 

 beneath, attenuate at base ; cup subsessile, saucer-shaped, nut subglohous. — Sandy or 

 pine barrens, Ta. to Pla. A shrub or smSU tree, 4 to 20f high, trunk not exceed- 

 ing 4 to 6' diam. Lvs. partly persistent, 1' to 30" long, resembling those of the 

 live oak, but muoronate, and on the shrubby stocks often toothed. May. 



/3. SERIOEA. Dwarf; lvs. silky ; tomentous beneath, 1 to 3' long, deciduous. — 

 South, in pine barrens. (Q. sericea Ait. Q. pumila Mx.) 



3 Q. imbricaria Mx. Laurel Oak. Shingle Oak. (Fig. 138.) Los. decid- 

 uous, lance-oblong, acute at each end, briefly petiolate, very entire, shining-glab- 

 rous above, subpuhescent beneath (but not hoary), mucronate at apex; acorn sub- 

 glohous, in a shallow cup ; scales of the cup broad-ovate.^-A beautiful tree, very- 

 abundant in the W. States, also common along rivers, Penn. to Ga. Trunk 40 — 

 50f high, 1 — 2f diam., with a smooth unbroken bark, and a large head of coarse, 

 irregular branches. The leaves are dark green, thick and firm in texture, 3 — 5' 

 by 1 — 1^', forming a dense, heavy fohago. June. — The timber makes miserable 

 shingles. In Indiana it is called Jack-Oak. 



4 Q. Pheilos L. "Willow Oak. Lvs. deciduous, linear-lanceolatej tapering to 

 each end, very entire, glabrous, mucronate at apex ; acorn subglobous,.in a shallow 

 cup. — A tree 30 to 60f high, borders of swamps, N. J. to Fla. and W. States. 

 Trunk straight, 10 to 20' diam., covered with a smooth, thick bark. The leaves 

 which bear considerable resemblance to those of the willow, are of a light green 

 color, dentate when young, 3 to 5' in length. Acorns 6" diam. May. — The 

 timber is of little value. 



/3. maritima. Low, shrubby ; lvs. evergreen. — Sea coast, Ya. to Fla. A few 

 feet high. 



5 Q. laurifolia Mx. Swamp Laurel Oak. Lvs. oblanceolate or lance-obovate, 

 acute, mucronate, entire, or some of them with 2 lateral teeth above, glabrous both 

 sides, base abruptly ending in a very short petiole ; cup saucer-shaped, nut de- 

 pressed-ovoid. — Damp woods, and often planted for shade, S. Car. to Pla. A tree 

 with handsome, dense foliage, partly evergreen, 30 to 50f high. Bark blackish, 

 rough. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, coriaceous, green both sides, shining above, often ap- 

 pearing tricuspidate. Ped. IJ" long. Acorn as broad as long, cup C" across. 

 May. 



p. OBTUSA. Lvs.. obtuse, not mucronate, sessile. — Ga. (Pond). Fruit the same. 



6 Q. aquatioa Mx. Water Oak. Lvs. wedge-obovate, entire, or mostly dilated 

 and obscurely 3-lobed above, not mucronate, glabrous both sides, gradztaMy aitenu- 

 ated to a very short petiole; cup subsessile, very .shaUow, nut globular. — Swamps, 

 Md to Fla., also planted for shade. It is a handsome, round-headed tree, with 



