706 



Order 148.— LILIACB^. 



srem, consisting of 6 to 8 wedge-lanceolate 1 vs. (3 to 4' by 9 to 12''); the other at 

 the top, of about 3 ovate, shorter leaves. Fls. in the upper whorl, 1, 2 or 3, pen- 

 dulous, with greenish, revolute segments. The stigmas are very long, reflexed, 

 dark red. Jl. 



Order CXLVIII. LILIACE^. Lilyworts. 



Herbs with bulbous or tuberous stems, parallel- 

 veined, sessile leaves, flowers perfect, regular, 

 generally large and richly colored, perUmih 6 

 (rarely 4)-parted, tiniformly colored, free from the 

 ovary, stamens 6 (rarely 4), perigyiious • anfh&rs 

 introrse (ea±:orse in TJvularia), styles wholly or 

 partly united, ovary superior, 2 or 3-celled. Fruit 

 a capsule, loculicidal, or a pulpy berry. Seeds 

 free or many, with fleshy albumen. Illustr. in 

 figs. 58, 60, 63, 108, 111, 254, 259, 400, 454. 



Genera 14T, species 1200, chiefly natives of temperate 

 reeions. The flowers of most are beautiful, of many 

 brilliant, and of some truly splendid. 



Properties. — ^The order abounds in a bitter, stimulant 

 principle and also in mucilage. Some of the bulbous 

 species yield a nntritious diet, as the Aeparagus^ Onion^ 

 Garlic. The well known active medicine, squills, is the 

 bnlb of Scilla maritima, of S. Europe. The various kinds 

 of officinal aloes, arc the product of several species of 

 Aloe. The powerful astringent, Dragon's ilood, is the 

 concentrated juice of Draceena Draco of the Canary Isles. 

 (The Tribe Uvularije is intermediate between Liliaceffl 

 and Melanthacese, approaching the latter by its mostly 

 extrose anthers, but best according with the former in its 

 united styles, fruit, and in habit.) 



FIG. 725. Smilacina borefllis. 6. A berry cut open, 

 showing the 2 cells, &c. 



TRIBES AND GENERA. 



§ Plants bulbous at the base, or with a thick, woody caudex. (*) 



* Perianth segments united, forming a tubular flower, (d) 



* Perianth segments separate, not forming a tube, (t) 



+ Stem (or caudex) leafy, at least below, few or many-flowered, (b) 

 t Stem (scape) sheathed at base, bearing a solitary flower, (a) 

 t Stem (scape) sheathed at base, leafless, many-flowered, (c) 

 § Plant with a rhizome, creeper, or fibrous roots. (**■) 



** Stamens decliriate and curved-ascending. Flowers showy, -(e) 

 ** Stamens straight and equal in position, (tt) 



tt Perianth segments united to near the summit, (f) 

 tt Perianth segments separate, not forming a tubel (t) 



$ Flowers in terminal, leufless clusters, small, whitish, (g) 

 t Flowers axillary, or terminal and subsoil tary.— Leaves filiform, &c. (h) 



— Leaves ovate, &c. (k) 

 (Tkibe TULIPE^. Perianth 6-leaved. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat soft and pale.) 



a Flowers nodding EaYTURONnrM. 1 



a Flowers erect Tulip a. 3 



b Nectary a linear groove at the base of each segment Liliuh 8 



b Nectary a roundish cavity at the base of each segment Fritill aria. 4 



b Nectary none. Flowers panicled,~large. Seeds many Yucca. 5 



—small. Seeds ItoS Nolika. 6 



(Tribk ASPHODELE^. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat crustaceous, black.) 



Flowers In racemes, blue or purple Soilla. T 



c Flowers in racemes or corymbs, yellow or white OENrrnoaALUH. 8 



O Flowers in umbels, -white or roseate. Stamens straight Alliitm. 9 



—blue. Stamens deBlinate, curved AGAPAHTBua W 



