Obdeb 156.— GRAMINEiE. 789 



hispid spines as long as itself and containing 2 — 3 spikelets ; glumes acuminate- 

 mucronate, about 3" long, producing but 1 caryopsis. — ® Sandy alluvion, N. J. 

 to Can. and "Wis. The adhesive burrs are annoying. 



22. PHAL'ARIS L. Canaey Grass. (Gr. (paXapi^, white crested, as 

 are the flowers.) Spikelets 1 (theoreticaHy 3)-flowered ; glumes 2, sub- 

 equal, carinate ; palese 2, coriaceous, awnless, shorter than the glumes, 

 coating the caryopsis, each with an external, accessory palea or abor- 

 tive rudiment at base. Grasses with flat Ivs. contracted; often spike- 

 like panicles. 



1 P. anindinacea L. Culm erect, sparingly branched or simple, 2 — 5f high ; 

 Ivs. spreading, lance-linear, veined, rough-edged, on smooth, striate sheaths ; pan. 

 very dense, elhptio-oblong, somewhat secund, 3 — 6' long, glumes 3-veined, whitish, 

 scabrous; rudiments pilous. — If Common in ditches and swamps, Can. to Car. 

 and Ky. A large, showy grass, but not valuable. July, Aug. (P. Americana 

 Torr. nee Ell.) 



(3. pioTA is the well-known striped or ribbon grass, with beautifully variegated 

 leaves longitudinally striped in endless diversity, f 



2 P. Canarienais L. Canary Geass. Culm erect, or geniculate at the lower 

 joints, round, striate, leafy; If or more high; Ivs. lance-linear; panicles spioate, 

 ovoid, erect; 1 to 2' long; glumes whitish, with green veins ; winged on the keel ; 

 rudiments smooth. — (D Fields and pastures, not common. The glumes are cu- 

 riously marked with white and green. The fruit is the chief food of Canary birds. 

 Jl. § Isle Fortunatus. 



_ 23. ANTHOXAN'THUM, L. Sweet-scented Vernal Grass. (Gr. 

 dvOog, a flower, ^av66g, yellow ; from the color of its spikes.) Spike- 

 lets 3-flowered, the central one i^ , the 2 lateral ones neuter, each con- 

 sisting of one bearded palea ; glumes 2, unequal, the upper one larger, 

 inclosing the flowers ; palese of the ?J 2, short, awnless ; stamens 2. 

 A. odoratum L. Slender, erect, 10 — 18'; Ivs. short, striate, pale green; pan. 

 spicate, oblong-ovoid ; spikelets pubescent, on short peduncles ; pales of the 

 lateralis, linear-oblong, ciliate on the margin, one of them with a bent awn from 

 near tlie base, the other with a straight awn from the back near the summit. — 

 An early-flowering, deliciously fragrant grass, in most of tho States and Can. 

 May, Jn. § Eur. 



24. HIEROCH'LOA, Gmel. Seneca Grass. (Gr. lepog, sacred, 

 X^a, glass ; from its fragrance.) Spikelets 3-flowcred ; glumes 2, 

 scariouB ; lateral flowers staminate, triandrous ; central flower l^ , dian- 

 drous (rarely triandrous).-^Sweet-scented. Inflor. paniculate. 



1 H. borealis R & Sch. Smooth, glossy; culm simple, erect, 15 — 20'; radical 

 Ivs. as long as the stem, cauliue 2—4' long, lanceolate, mucronate ; panicle rather 

 1-sided and spreading, pyramidal, few-flowered, 2 — 3' long; brancJiiets flexuous; 

 spikelets 'broad, subcordate, colored, unarmed; glumes acuminate; lower pals cili- 

 ate. — llWet meadows, Virg. to Arc. Am. Tery fragrant. May. 



2 H. alpina E. & S. Smooth ; culm erect, stout, 6 — 8' ; Ivs. linear-lanceolate, 

 acute; sheaths tumid, longer than the internodes; panicle OYoiA, li — 2' long, with 

 the branches in pairs ; spikelets purple, compressed, large, longer than the branches ; 

 glumes lanceolate; lower fl. with an awn about as long as the pales. — 71 Summits 

 oftho White Mts. (Bigelow). Jn. 



25. HOL'CUS, L. Soft Grass. (Gr. dXKog, something which draws ; 

 application obscure.) Spikelets 2-flowered ; glumes herbaceous, boat- 

 shaped, mucronate ; flowers pedicellate, the lower one perfect and awn- 

 less, upper one $ or neuter, awned on the back. — Fls. in an open 

 panicle. 



H. lanatus L. Hoary pubescent ; culm 1| — 2fhigh; fe. lance-linear, 2 — S'long; 



