46 



GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



becomes gradually more mixed with clay, and is less evidently stratified. It is also 

 forked and channeled toward the south, and extends east and west for a number of 

 miles. Further south the slope is gentle, and the ridge is soon lost in a flat surface. 

 This subordinate ridge is not higher than the adjoining knolls or the general level. 

 In approaching it from the north, there is a sudden descent before reaching it ; there 

 is also a swampy tract along each side. On the top of this ridge of gravel, and also 

 on the slopes, are many large bowlders ; one, which lies exactly on the summit, 

 measures 4 by 2J feet. This is of diorite. Many others also seen on the ridge are of 

 limestone, the Waterlime predominating." 



The following section, taken by Mr. Winchell, will serve to illustrate 

 the arrangement of materials in the kames he has described : 



SECTION OF WABASH EIDGB AT WAPAKONETA, AUGLAIZE COUNTY. (Winchell.) 



1. Busty hard-pan, 1 foot. 2. Unassorted gravel and sand, 1 to 4 feet. 3. Damp sand, with some gravel 

 1 foot. 4. Unassorted gravel and sand, with some stones a foot in diameter, 1 to 4 feet. 5. Stratified sand 

 the beds broken by lenticular beds of unassorted sand and gravel, 1 to 4 feet. 6. Unassorted gravel and 

 sand, 4 feet. 7. Unassorted sand and gravel, 2 feet. 



SECTION FROM GKAVEL KNOLLS AT ST. JOHN S, AUGLAIZE COUNTY. 



1. Hard-pan, 1 foot. 2. Busty sand, 1 foot. 3. Gravelly hard-pan, 1 foot. 4. Clear sand, 6 inches 1 

 5. Stratified sand, 2 feet. 6. Gravel. 7. Coarse and fine sand in distinct beds, exposed, 8 inches. 8. Sand, 

 exposed, 4 inches. 



DRAINING OF THE INLAND SEA. 



On a former page I have referred to certain waste-weirs through 

 which our great inland fresh-water sea was drained off toward the Ohio 

 and Mississippi long before the present outlet was established. Some of 

 those which occur in the State of Ohio were incidentally described in 

 Vol. I., Part I., p. 43, of this report, where they are cited as interesting 

 features in the topography. 



