THE CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM. 147 



Urichsville it is quite largely mined and coked by Mr. Andreas. The 

 Trenton mines have supplied a large amount of this fuel to the Cleveland 

 market for the last five-and-twenty years. Throughout all this region it 

 is a typical coking coal, which will make an excellent coke if properly 

 washed. 



In Stark county Coal No. 6 runs through all the southern and eastern 

 townships. It is the coal mined at Osnaburgh, and highly esteemed in 

 all parts of the county for blacksmiths' use. Throughout Mapleton, 

 Robertsville, and Paris this coal is from four to six feet in thickness, and 

 fully up to its average of excellence. Near New Chambersburgh it 

 crosses the line of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad, and stretches 

 thence continuously through the highlands of the watershed far into 

 Pennsylvania. At Salineville, Hammondsville, and Linton it is called 

 the " Big vein," and ranges from five to seven feet in thickness ; a coking 

 coal, not quite as pure as further west. At Linton it is underlaid by four 

 or five inches of cannel, which is full of the remains of aquatic animals, 

 and is plainly the carbonaceous sediments of an open lagoon in the coal 

 marsh. About fifty species of fossil fishes and salamanders have been 

 taken from one mine at this locality. 



Just above Steubenville Coal No. 6 dips below the river, and this is the 

 seam mined in the shafts at this point — Mingo, Lagrange, Rush Run, etc. 

 At Steubenville it is about four feet in thickness ; a partially open-burn- 

 ing coal of great excellence. It has been considerably used in the raw 

 state for the manufacture of iron, but is now more generally coked. At 

 Rush Run it is from seven to eight feet in thickness, but is not quite so 

 pure as at Steubenvile, and is more broken by partings. 



In all the northern part of Columbiana county this coal is found in an 

 almost unbroken sheet. Near New Lisbon it is the coal mined on the 

 Shelton, Arter, Teagarden, and Marten farms, ranging from four to seven 

 feet thick. About Achor and Palestine, on the eastern line of the county, 

 the coal of No. 6 becomes purer, but somewhat thinner than further west. 

 This is the seam mined at Carbon Hill, and in this region is generally 

 known as the "four-foot" or "Carbon Hill seam." At Achor it is mined 

 by Isaac Dike, Burt, Burson, Booth, and others ; the coal is from three 

 and a half to four and a half feet thick, and very clean, bright, and pure. 

 At the Sterling mines Coal No. 6 is worked by Freeman Butts, Esq., and 

 is largely sold as a gas coal. 



Throughout eastern Columbiana county, and over a large area in west- 

 ern Pennsylvania, Coal No. 6 is underlaid by a bed of limestone of from 

 two to eight feet in thickness ; but this disappears, or is only occasion- 

 ally seen toward the west. By the Pensylvania geologists our Coal No. 6 



