162 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



area of the upper coals, one or both of them are usually present, except ■ 

 where locally cut out by beds of sandstone. Coal No. 9 lies immediately 

 upon the limestone over the Pittsburgh coal, and this limestone thins 

 toward the north and west, letting down Coal No. 9 on to Coal No. 8. At 

 Cadiz, Harrison county, Coal No. 9 is two feet thick; at York, Jefferson 

 county, it is one' and a half feet thick ; at Unionport and Knoxville, in 

 Jefferson county, it has disappeared, and Coal No 8 is covered in one place 

 by 85 feet and in the other by 100 feet of sandstone and shale, upon which 

 Coal No. 10 rests. Toward the west from Wheeling, Coal No. 9 seems to 

 disappear, and the interval between the Pittsburgh seam and Coal No. 10 

 is represented by Prof. Stevenson to be, in western Belmont and Harrison 

 counties, filled by a great mass of sandstone, in places more than 100 feet 

 in thickness. This sandstone, he says, has been deposited by currents 

 which have extensively cut away Coal No. 9 and, locally, Coal No. 8. 



Coal No. 10 is a very persistent seam, and locally attains considerable 

 importance; but in Harrison, Jefferson, and Belmont it is of far less 

 value than the Pittsburgh seam. It is frequently a double bed. At 

 Badgersburg the coal is six feet seven inches thick, in two benches, sepa- 

 rated by one foot eight inches of shale and clay. At Flushing the upper 

 bench is one foot two inches, the parting one foot four inches, and the 

 lower coal three to four feet in thickness. At New Athens, Harrison 

 county, the seam is divided into throe benches, of which the upper is 

 ten inches, the middle four feet eight inches, and the lowest four inches, 

 the partings being respectively two feet and- three feet in thickness. In 

 Jefferson county Coal No. 10 becomes much thinner, and it is. little more 

 than a bituminous shale, two to three feet thick. (Stevenson.) 



What the extension of Coal No. 10 toward the south and west is, can- 

 not be accurately stated. We have reason to believe, however, that it is 

 the same as that mined at Cumberland, Muskingum county, called by 

 Prof. Andrews the Cumberland coal. This lies, according to his descrip- 

 tion, about 100 feet above Coal No. 8, and runs through the counties of 

 Morgan, Athens, and Meigs, to the Ohio river. In this region it varies 

 from two to six feet in thickness, and is frequently divided by one or 

 more partings of clay or shale. It usually is associated with much lime- 

 stone, above and below, and Mr. W. J. Herdman, who traced it through 

 nearly to the Ohio river, has furnished me a section from Morgan county, 

 in which the Cumberland seam is overlaid by 160 feet of strata, largely 

 made up of limestone. 



Coal No. 11 has been referred to in a preceding page as the represent- 

 ative of the Waynesburg and the "jumping six-foot seam." It is locally 

 of some economic value in Belmont county, but both in quality and 



