218 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



grindstones made at Amherst, the "American Wickersley " stone is spe- 

 cially esteemed for grinding saw-plates, edge-tools, etc. 



The ledges which supply the stone at Amherst extend into Brownhelm, 

 there exhibiting the same features, and are largely worked in part by 

 the same proprietors. The following firms and individuals are engaged 

 in the quarrying of stone and the manufacture of grindstones at Amherst 

 and Brownhelm : The Clough Stone Company ; Worthington & Sons ; The 

 Wilson & Hughes Stone Company ; G. Barber ; J. McDermott & Co. ; W. 

 James ; Peck Brothers ; J. S. Butler & Co. ; The Cleveland Stone Com- 

 pany. 



The product of the quarries for 1870 — for which I have the fullest 

 returns — was as follows : 



Block stone, cubic feet 509,434 



Sawed stone, square " 41,818 



Grindstones, tons 13,700 



Railroad ballast, " 12,000 



Sand, " 500 



Perch stone, " 9,000 



The price of block stone was from 40 to 50 cents per cubic foot; of 

 grindstones, $12 to $15 per ton. The value of the production of the Am- 

 herst quarries in 1870 was estimated at about half a million of dollars, 

 and it has been steadily increasing since. The number of men employed 

 was 620. 



Elyria Quarries. — The exposures of the Berea grit at Elyria are ample, 

 and they show the formation to be as thick and massive here as at any 

 other point in the county. It may also be said that the stone is more 

 accessible here than at any other locality, as it forms the bed and bank 

 of Black river both above and below the falls. As a general rule, it 

 is coarser and less homogeneous here than at Amherst. Very excellent 

 stone has been obtained, however, from the quarries on the land of 

 Albert Ely, Esq., on the west side of the river ; and the new quarries 

 recently opened by Mr. H. E. Mussey, on the west bank of the West Fork, 

 above the falls, reveal courses of very excellent stone of both drab and 

 gray tints. These quarries are most conveniently situated along the 

 track of the extension of the Tuscarawas Valley Railroad, and seem 

 capable of supplying an inexhaustible quantity conveniently placed for 

 shipment by the railroads or the Lake. Between the forks of Black 

 River, and in the suburbs of the town, Mr. Elmer Adams has a quarry 

 which has been in operation for some years. The stone it furnishes 

 is of a blueish or gray color, massive and homogeneous, and closely 

 resembles in color and texture much of the Berea stone. On the lands 



