350 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



venienced by the total lack of stone suitable for common foundations. It 

 is to be presumed, however, that as the forest is cleared off, and the in- 

 spection of the county by settlers is carried to greater detail, many other 

 outcrops of rock will be discovered. The limestones of the Devonian, in 

 the northern part of the county, are those most abundantly quarried for 

 building stone, if not for quicklime, in north-western Ohio ; and the ex- 

 posures in the Auglaize River are destined to become important in the 

 future occupancy of the county, inasmuch as they are the only known 

 outcrops of the blue limestone, west of the great anticlinal, that afford 

 favorable opportunities for working. They are the same as the Sandusky 

 blue limestone, and ought to have supplied the city of Defiance with the 

 foundation stone for the court-house, instead of its being brought from 

 that distant city. Had quarries been fairly and fully developed at any 

 points in Paulding or in Defiance county, doubtless the expense of im- 

 porting stone that could have been obtained at so convenient a place near 

 home would not have been incurred. 



In the survey of the county but two establishments for the manufacture 

 of brick were met with. One is owned by Jasper N. Hughes, section 24, 

 Caryall township, and the other by R. S. Murphy, Antwerp. 



The Furnaces of Paulding County. — The heavy growth of timber in 

 Paulding county has invited the establishment of furnaces for smelting 

 the iron ores of Lake Superior. There are two such in full operation. 

 One is known as the Antwerp Furnace, located at Antwerp, on the Mau- 

 mee River, and the other as the Paulding Furnace, located at Cecil, section 

 23, Crane township. The ore is transported from Toledo by canal. The 

 subjoined statistics, obtained of the proprietors in reference to these fur- 

 naces, will give the best exemplification of their size and products. 



The Antwerp Furnace, Antwerp, Ohio. — Proprietors, Antwerp Furnace Com- 

 pany ; President, A. Cobb ; Superintendent, William Sayles. 



Number of Furnaces— One ; built by this company in 1865.' Height of stack, 42 feet 

 height of boshes, 7 feet; height of hearth, 6 feet; height of tuyeres, 40 inches ; diam- 

 eter at throat, 3 feet 6 inches; diameter in boshes, 8 feet 10 inches; diameter at 

 tuyeres, 3 feet ; diameter of hearth, 3 feet ; diameter of tuyeres, 3£ inches ; number 

 of tuyeres, 3 ; temperature of blast, not known ; pressure of blast, not known. 



Ores.— Kind and percentage, Lake Superior ores, 65 per cent. Location of mine, 

 near Marquette, Michigan. Cost of ores, $10 at the furnace. Not roasted. 



Fuel— Kind and cost, charcoal, 7$ cents per bushel. Obtained at the furnace. 

 Fuel per ton of iron, 130 bushels. Ore per ton of iron, 1£ (about). 



Flux.— Kind and cost, limestone (Delhi beds of Corniferous), $8 per cord of 128 

 solid feet. Obtained from the river at Antwerp. 



Charge— -Ore, 600 pounds ; flux, 30 pounds ; fuel, 20 bushels of charcoal. Charges 

 in twenty-four hours, 70; production in twenty- four hours, 13 tons. Kind of iron: 

 white, 1-12 of all is white ; mottled, J of all is mottled ; gray, f of all is gray. 



