WOOD COUNTY. 377 



ridge. The internal structure shows a wavy and curling lamination, or 

 variegations of dark and light drab. The texture, however, is usually 

 not close. Such stone would be useful for ornamental work, owing to the 

 thickness of the blocks, the ease of cutting, and the beauty of the sur- 

 face. It would also probably resist sufficient pressure to warrant its use 

 in large structures, though it should be first carefully tested. There is 

 abundant exposure of this phase of the Waterlime in the bed of the 

 Portage, about a mile south of Mr. Whitker's. 



In Freedom township the Portage and its branches often disclose the 

 Waterlime. In section 2 and N. W. J section 12 the thick, soft beds of 

 phase No. 2 are uncovered by the current of the river, showing remark- 

 able glacial grooves. The same or similar beds are occasionally met 

 with in ascending the Middle Branch of the Portage as far as New 

 Rochester, where they have been used in the abutments of the highway 

 bridge. These were quarried near the bridge, in blocks twelve to sixteen 

 inches thick, and are mingled in the. bridge with stone belonging to 

 phase No. 3. It is again quarried, S. E. \ section 30, on the land of Sid- 

 ney Calkins. It here affords large, even-grained blocks of eighteen to 

 twenty-four inches thick. In sections 16, 17, 19, and 20 are very exten- 

 sive deposits of lake sand, on ridges of Waterlime. These sometimes 

 show the brecciated condition, but are also sometimes even-bedded. Mr. 

 William Fish has a quarry in regularly laminated beds on section 20, 

 at the base of a bluff of brecciated rock. The rock, however, of these 

 ridges is usually hid by sand, which rises in some places to the height 

 of forty feet. At Pemberville (N. E. J section 10) the bed of the river is 

 specially rocky. Not only are there detached masses of coarse, brecciated 

 Waterlime, some as large as five feet by six feet by eight feet, covered 

 with black lichen, lodged along the banks, but the bed of the river shows 

 the various lithological features and changes of dip through which the 

 rock is liable.to pass in short intervals. A peculiarity of the Waterlime 

 to become suddenly concretionary or massive is strikingly illustrated 

 near Pemberville. In the midst of even and fine-grained beds are seen 

 a number of rough and massive patches which swell above the surround- 

 ing surface. They are sometimes but two or three feet across, and may 

 be ten or even thirty. The same peculiarity was observed in Ottawa 

 county, and is believed to illustrate the manner of occurrence of the 

 brecciated condition, or phase No. 1, of the Waterlime. There is a heavy 

 sand deposit on a Waterlime ridge, N. W. £ section 33, land owned by 

 Thomas S. Carman, known generally as the "Clay Farm." 



In Portage township the bed of the river, N. W. \ section 7, exhibits 

 very much the same kind of exposure as at Pemberville, and the strati- 



