WOOD COUNTY. 383 



them. At Grand Rapids, in Wood county, only a foot of a fossiliferous 

 limestone, referable to the Lower Corniferous, intervenes between the 

 Oriskany and the Waterlime; while at Charloe, in Paulding county, 

 that intervening bed has increased to four feet, showing a vertical 

 change of ten feet in passing westward a distance of about eighty-five 

 miles. 



The Lower Corniferous underlies the western portions of Weston and 

 Milton townships. The only outcrop which is known to occur south of 

 Grand Rapids is at the quarry of Mr. Luther Pue, S. W. J section 6, 

 Milton township. The following section was here taken, and is believed 

 to show the junction between the Upper and Lower Corniferous : 



No. 1. Very fossiliferous beds of one to two inches ; shattered and water- 

 washed; very slight exposure. This is thrown out in quar- 

 rying. An Orthis can here be distinguished, two or three 

 corals, and a Brachiopod, like a long-beaked, small Peiitamerus, 



with fragments of numerous other fossils 1 ft. 



" 2. Harsh, magnesian limestone, without fossils ; apparently in thick 

 beds, having much the outward aspect of a sandstone; some 

 flags of two inches thick have been taken out; exposed 3 " 



Total exposed i " 



The Drift in Wood county shows the usual characters of a glacial 

 hard pan. The upper six or eight feet are of a light brown color. The 

 remainder is known as "blue clay." The whole contains, disseminated 

 through the mass irregularly, more or less sand, pebble-stones, and bowl- 

 ders. The average thickness of the whole would be not far from seventy- 

 five feet. It shows locally, but very rarely, an indistinct assortment, 

 or at least an arrangement of its materials in tortuous bands, as if the 

 mass itself had been compressed or folded, or had been denuded and 

 again covered with the same materials. There is also more or less super- 

 ficial lamination of the upper part seen in the banks of the Maumee 

 near its mouth. These strata, which contain, so far as seen, nothing 

 coarser than fine sand, and usually consist largehy of clay, seem to be 

 confined to the larger water-courses. They are by no means constant. 

 On the contrary, the banks even of the Maumee generally contain nothing 

 but the typical hard-pan, or glacial clay, which rises to the surface and 

 forms the soil. These laminations below pass into coarser materials, 

 containing, with a gradual loss of their distinct arrangement into layers, 

 gravel and bowlders. The beds, although not infrequently oblique and 

 wavy, are usually nearly horizontal. They become more oblique near 

 their junction with the unstratified Drift, into which they merge and 

 become lost. They are believed to be due to the action of water from 



