428 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. ' 



stone above described. It seems to belong to a large bowlder brought 

 from the north-east at such an angle with the strike of the Devonian as 

 to bring it over the higher beds of the blue limestone, depositing it six 

 or eight miles to the north of the nearest outcrop of its native beds, 

 though probably many miles from the place of its origin. This bowlder 

 is similar to others of the same formation that have been discovered in 

 north-western Ohio. That particular portion of the Devonian limestones 

 seems to have had a peculiar tenacity under the forces of the glacial 

 period, large pieces from it being more numerous in the Drift than from 

 any other. This bowlder has been found to extend in one direction at 

 least thirty feet, and to have a width of at least fifteen feet. At one end, 

 where some quarrying has been done, it has a thickness of eight feet, 

 with "washed sand" below. It dips north-west, at a slight angle. Its 

 surface is about six feet higher than the water of the Maumee. It lies 

 twenty rods from the channel. Men, in "driving" logs down the river 

 in spring-time, report rock in the bottom of the river near the place of 

 the bowlder, and the river shows a decided ripple at that point. There ■ 

 are no black slate fragments along the river bank, nor in the river. It 

 must be admitted that these facts point strongly to the probably undis- 

 turbed condition of this Corniferous outcrop. Its position, however, with 

 respect to the general trend of the strike of the formation, and especially 

 with the outcrop at Antwerp, in Paulding county, is anomalous. It is 

 wholly disregarded in the coloring of the accompanying geological map. 

 While this exposure, being to the north of the supposed trend of the Cor- 

 niferous, has an influence toward the movement of the colored Cornifer- 

 ous belt several miles northward, the similar indications of a Corniferous, 

 or Hamilton, area in the central portion of Paulding county (see report 

 on that county) draw the area of the same formation toward the south. 



The Drift. — The Drift in Defiance county exhibits the most interesting 

 characters. It can be described best by taking them in the following 

 order : 



1. Hard-pan, or bowlder clay. 



2. Horizontal laminations of fine clay. 



3. Oblique and various strata of sand and gravel. 



4. Lacustrine, unstratifled sand. 



5. The ridges. 



The hard-pan, or bowlder clay, which is spread out over most of the 

 county, and rises to the surface, constituting the bulk of the Drift every 

 where in the Fourth Geological District, also underlies those portions 

 that are superficially covered with fine, horizontal, clay formations. It 

 may be seen in the banks of the Maumee and the Auglaize at a great 



