464 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



tivation. There is less limestone in the hills than would be desirable. 

 There are some layers of it, but they generally lie too low to fertilize large 

 areas. The rock strata are chiefly sandstone and shales. The only coal 

 seen is the Hobson seam, the geological position of which is about one 

 hundred feet above the Cumberland seam, and about one hundred and 

 ninety feet above the Pomeroy seam. This coal was seen on the land of 

 S. S. Smith, section 18, but no measurements could be made to determine 

 the thickness of the seam. About one hundred and twenty feet above 

 the coal was found a deposit of iron ore from two to three feet thick. 

 (See Map XL, No. 6.) The ore is apparently a bog ore, but Mr. Gilbert 

 reports that it appears to be imbedded in shale. Like most bog ores, it is 

 rich in manganese, but the analysis showed it to be very lean in iron. 

 The metallic iron, as determined by Prof. Wormley, is only 9.72 per cent., 

 while the manganese is 5.90 per cent. This ore is said to cover a consid- 

 erable area in this neighborhood. A geological section was taken on the 

 farm of John Breckenridge, on Whitewater Creek, a branch of Wolf 

 Creek, in the northern part of the township, which is as follows : 



~- It. In. 



1. Heavy sandstone (estimated) 50 



2. Clay, with limestone in concretions 6 



3. Limestone and shale 4 



4. Shales, red and blue 15 



5. Hard, blue limestone 1 



6. Notseen 10 



7. Laminated sandstone 15 



8. Heavy sandstone 20 



Bed of Whitewater, at Brown's Mill. 



By following down Wolf Creek we find the great limestone group of 

 Wolf Creek coming in about twenty-five feet below the heavy sandstone, 

 the No. 8 of the last section. The upper fifteen feet of the space is filled 

 with a sandy shale, below which is a layer of limestone. The remaining 

 space was not seen. It is a great misfortune for all this region that the 

 fine deposit of limestone in the bed of Wolf Creek could not have been 

 located high up in the hills, for it is of little fertilizing value where it 

 now is. 



Some traces of coal were seen on Mr. Breckenridge's farm in a little 

 branch, but the exact stratigraphical position of the seam could not be 

 determined. It may possibly be the Hobson coal, or, more probably, it 

 is a very thin seam that comes in a little higher. In Waterford town- 

 ship a thin seam is seen about one hundred and ten feet above the great 

 limestone group. This thin seam was noticed in several places in Palmer 

 ownship. On the land of Mr. Wm. Leggett, near the middle of the 

 township, it was one foot thick. 



