WASHINGTON COUNTY. 473 



The proximity of the quarries to the railroad and river greatly in- 

 creases the value of the location. Down the river, near the Dunham 

 township line, the sandstone has been quarried for many years by a com- 

 pany under the superintendence of Mr. William McClure. The " Con- 

 stitution stone " of this company is a very beautiful bluish-gray stone of 

 fine texture, and admirably adapted to ornamental architectural work. 

 It has been introduced into Chicago and other cities. It is a firm and 

 durable stone, and capable of resisting great pressure without fracture. 

 It will also resist the influence of heat, in case of fire, far better than 

 limestones and marbles. 



For miles along the Ohio River hills quarries might be opened, 

 although stone of the very highest quality, and that adapted to special 

 uses, either for grindstones or for building, will be found in more limited 

 areas. Messrs. D. Briggs, Henry Cole, D. B. Caldwell, Calvin Finch, the 

 the Ohio River Stone Company, and others, are engaged in converting 

 the sandroek of the quarries into grindstones. The middle sandroek, or 

 No. 3 in the geological section, is generally preferred for grindstones. 

 At some of the quarries nearly the whole of the stratum, or twenty-five 

 feet, is available. 



DUNHAM TOWNSHIP. 



This township lies directly north of Belpre. It is a long, narrow town- 

 ship, with three miles of the Ohio River bordering it on the east. Its 

 surface drainage is almost entirely effected by the East Branch of Little 

 Hocking and its tributaries, the streams flowing into the Ohio being very 

 • small. 



The same. thin seam of coal found in Fairfield, Belpre, etc., called the 

 Hobson seam, is found in Dunham township. Its stratigraphical posi- 

 tion is seen from the following section on Little Hocking, in section 16, 

 on the farm of Harvey Ellen wood : 



J M. In. 



1. Sandy shale : 8 



2. Blue-clay shale 4 



3. Coal, Hohson seam 1 6 



4. Underclay 2 



5. Shale ' 13 



6. Laminated sandstone 5 



7. Shale * 15 ° 



8. Laminated sandstone 6 



Highest mark of back-water of Ohio River. (See Map XL, No. 11.) 



The black stain of the Hobson coal can be seen in many places in the 

 township. 

 No well defined layers of limestone were seen, but such may exist, for 



