474 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



some of the shales contain limestone in small concretions. Sometimes 

 in place of such concretions we find regular strata of limestone. 



Sandstone is the most characteristic rock in the hills, and formerly- 

 many of the hills were crowned with yellow pines, a tree that thrives 

 on highly silicious soil. In the hills bordering the river large quarries 

 have been opened in the heavy sandstone ledges, and vast quantities of 

 stone have been removed. The stone for the piers of the railroad bridge 

 across the Ohio at Parkersburg came very largely from a Dunham 

 quarry. Other excellent quarries have been opened, and stone for build- 

 ing purposes is shipped down the river. The selected stone makes 

 superior grindstones, and large numbers are annually made and sold. 

 Mr. B. E. Tilton, D. Briggs, and others, are engaged in this business. 

 The old quarries of the late Oren Newton, where grindstones were ob- 

 tained forty years ago, are in this township. The sandstones of this and 

 of Warren townships are of the most excellent quality, are convenient 

 to river and railroad, and cannot fail in the future to be sources of great 

 wealth. 



ADAMS TOWNSHIP. 



This township lies directly east of Waterford, and is traversed by the 

 Muskingum River. The chief affluents of the Muskingum, which drain 

 the township, are Big Run and Cat's Creek. There is considerable lime- 

 stone in the hills, and the soil is generally rich and productive. There 

 is an almost unlimited supply of coal of fair quality to be found nearly 

 through the whole township north of the river. The dip is generally to 

 the south, but we find the seam also gradually rising to the east on the 

 waters of Big Run, Cat's Creek, and Bear Creek. The following section 

 was taken on the hill below Coal Run village, near Ewart and Mills's 

 coal bank : 



Ft. In. 



1. Soil, etc., top of hill 10 



2. Laminated sandstone 6 



3. Shale, buff-colored 4 



4. Red shale 5 



5. Sandstone 2 



6. Shale, with crumbling limestone and ore 12 



7. Laminated sandstone 9 



8. Shale, with nodular limestone 17 



9. Laminated sandstone 3 



10. Shale 16 



11. Laminated sandstone 6 



12. Mostly shale 28 



13. Sandstone 4 



14. Shale 11 



15. Sandstone 6 6 



