WASHINGTON COUNTY. 491 



was established on Whipple's Run, and some oil was made from this 

 cannel coal. The coal was not very rich in oil, and the location was 

 remote from market. Soon after, however, petroleum was obtained in 

 great quantities from wells, and all the "coal-oil" distilleries, however 

 well situated, were obliged to succumb. 



The "limestone coal"- dips pretty rapidly to the south, passing below 

 the bed of Duck Creek, near Mr. Flanders's, and is not seen again in the 

 township. At the Cedar Narrows bridge the limestone group, with its 

 coal seam, was passed through in boring for oil, at a reported distance 

 of thirty feet below the surface. The group reappears in Lawrence town- 

 ship, brought up in the Cow Run uplift, and in Newport in the Newell's 

 Run uplift. We should expect that the upper coal, the " sandstone seam" 

 of Salem, would be found over a large area in this township. Its place 

 is about eighty-five to ninety feet above the lower. Traces of it are seen, 

 but it is generally very thin. It is found just north of the township 

 line in Salem, where Mr. S. J. Hazen has mined it in the hill at the 

 head of Pigeon Branch of Whipple's Run. It should be found on the 

 main run, it being very easy to ascertain its proper horizon from the 

 limestone group and the lower coal. A stain of the coal of the seam 

 was once observed in a bank of the railroad a mile or two below Cedar 

 Narrows bridge. The exact point was not noted, but it was where the 

 southern dip would naturally bring it. No coal was seen on the west 

 side of Duck Creek except a trace of the "sandstone seam." On the west 

 side of the ridge, between Duck Creek and the Muskingum, on the land 

 of B. P. Dyar, in Muskingum township, the coal of the Hobson seam was 

 found one hundred and fifteen feet above the bed of tbe Muskingum. The 

 place of the seam is about one hundred feet above the "sandstone seam." 

 But this seam was not noticed on New Year's Run, on the eastern side of 

 the ridge. At Stanleyville we find in the bank of the creek, below the 

 mill, a considerable body of limestone ten or twelve feet thick, and a few 

 feet over it a very thin seam of coal. Under the limestone is a consider- 

 able body of red clay shale fifteen or twenty feet thick, with a layer of 

 limestone eight inches thick near the middle. This red shale rests upon 

 a heavy sandrock, which forms the bed of the run. It is difficult to de- 

 termine the exact stratigraphical position of the Stanleyville limestone, 

 because there is no certain geological, horizon or datum line with which 

 to connect it. On the Muskingum River, at Mr. Dyar's, in a north-west 

 direction from Stanleyville, there is a body of somewhat similar limestone 

 eight feet thick, sixty -five feet above the Muskingum River. If our de- 

 terminations there are accurate, the place of this limestone is about fifty 

 feet above the horizon of the "sandstone" seam of coal. The same lime- 



