CHAPTER LIII. 



REPORT ON THE GEOLOGY OF GUERNSEY COUNTY (SOUTH 



HALF). 



That portion of this county included in the Second Geological District 

 lies south of the Central Ohio Railroad. The townships examined are 

 Adams, Westland, Spencer, Jackson, Cambridge, Center, Valley, Richland, 

 and Millwood. The railroad runs within the southern border of Wills 

 township, and a few geological sections were taken there. 



The southern part of the county contains much good soil, and is rich 

 in coal. The most valuable seam is the Cambridge seam, which is now 

 largely mined. The Cumberland seam is found in some townships, as 

 are one or two other seams of less importance. The existence of so much 

 coal within easy reach of the Central Ohio, and the Marietta, Pittsburgh 

 and Cleveland railroads will make this one of the most important mineral 

 counties in the State. Some valuable iron ore has been discovered. Brine 

 may be obtained by boring, and salt can be cheaply manufactured with 

 the small and refuse coals of the mines. Both coal mines and salt works 

 may be located upon the railroads. In this way the three essential ele- 

 ments of profitable salt-making, viz., abundant brine, cheap fuel, and 

 cheap transportation, are secured. There is little doubt that some of the 

 coal will, with proper treatment, make coke suitable for smelting iron 

 ores. The rich Lake Superior ores could be brought as return freight in 

 cars carrying coal to Cleveland or other lake ports, and the blackband 

 ore is found within the limits of the county, and in the adjacent county 

 of Tuscarawas. Iron works of various kinds must hereafter spring up 

 in this region, as, indeed, other kinds of manufacturing enterprises in. 

 which cheap and abundant fuel is a prime element. 



ADAMS TOWNSHIP. 



This township lies on the west side of Guernsey county, and north of 

 Westland township. It is drained by the waters of Crooked Creek, a 



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