572 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



there are undulations in the strata which change locally the direction 

 of the dip. 



In section 7, in this township, the coal of the Cumberland seam is re- 

 ported to be only one foot eight inches thick. It will be hereafter seen 

 that as we go eastward this seam of coal becomes thin, and of far less 

 value than in Noble county. 



Dim traces of a higher seam were seen in section 8. This is a coal 

 horizon, but the seam is never found to be of much importance. 



SENECA TOWNSHIP. 



This is the north-western township in the county. It is intersected by 

 several branches of Wills Creek, which have, during the ages, made for 

 themselves beautiful and fertile valleys. There is also generally lime- 

 stone enough in the hills to make the soil of the hill-sides productive. 

 The streams rise in the high lands to the east and south-east, in Summit 

 and Malaga townships. Traces of four seams of coal were seen in pass- 

 ing from the valley at Calais to Miltonsburg, in Malaga township; but 

 at the time of the examination we learned of no openings where ac- 

 curate measurements could be made. Since that time I have heard that 

 openings have been made into some of the seams. The two lower seams 

 are pretty low in the hills, while the others are quite high. 



The geological section from Calais to Miltonsburg is as follows : 



Ft. In. 



1. Blossom of coal. 



2. Not seen 45 



3. Limestone (not measured). 



4. Not seen 92 



5. Blossom of coal. 



6. Interval not seen 193 



7. Blossom of coal. 



8. Underclay 2 



9. Buff limestone ' 7 



10. Shale 6 



11. Sandstone, with some shale 20 



12. Blossom of coal. 



13. Shale 16 



14. Buff limestone 1 



15. Shale 4 



16. Buff limestone 4 



(Map XIII., No. 1.) 



The coal No. 5 in the above section was thought to be the equivalent 

 of a thin seam seen in the deepest cut on the Central Ohio Railroad, in 

 Goshen township, Belmont county. Coal No. 7 in the section is sup- 



