* In the Arctic Regions. 53 
by the only open way, which is that towards the pre- 
cipice ; appearing to know, that when the herd is once 
at full speed, it is easily driven over the cliff, the rear- 
most urging on those that are before. The wolves 
then descend at their leisure, and feast on the mangled 
carcasses. One of these ferocious animals passed close 
to the person who was beating the track, but did not 
offer any violence. We encamped at sunset, after 
walking thirteen miles. 
On the 26th, we were rejoiced at acct the half- 
way point, between Cumberland and Carlton, The 
scenery of the river was less agreeable beyond this 
point, as there was a scarcity of wood. One of our 
men was despatched after a red-deer that appeared on 
the bank. He contrived to approach near enough to 
fire twice, though without success, before the animal 
moved away. After a fatiguing march of seventeen 
miles, we put up at the upper Nippéween, a deserted 
establishment ; and performed the comfortable opera- 
tions-of shaving and washing for the first time since 
our departure from Cumberland, the weather having 
been hitherto too severe. We passed an uncomfort- 
able and sleepless night, and agreed next morning to 
‘ encamp in future in the open air, as preferable to the 
imperfect shelter of a deserted house without doors or 
windows.. 
The moming was extremely cold, but fortunately 
