21 



one from another right through the orchard ; they are, in fact, planted 

 each at the apex of an equilateral triangle, and every tree is the 

 centre of six others. Economy of space is thus secured to the utmost. 

 Against this system may be advanced the plea that one can only plough 

 or cultivate the land in three directions instead of as in the square 

 planting in four. It is more difficult to irrigate and to draw furrows 

 for so doing, and less convenient for the hauling out of a crop of fruit. 



Planted on this system, 20 feet apart, there are 126 trees; at 22 

 feet, 103; and at 24 feet, 86 per acre. 



Hexagonal Planting. 



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Quincun.c System. — This is a favourite way of setting out an 

 orchard, when what is known as fifth trees are planted ; generally 

 speaking, fifth trees are only set out for the iiroduction of catch crops, 

 and do not form part and parcel of the permanent orchard. They 



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stand each in the centre of a square of four trees, and by their inclusion 

 add very materially, though not in an economic manner, to the 

 number of trees which can be planted on an acre of land ; thus trees 



