KEY TO THE SPECIES 7 



2. Junlperus Siblrica Burgsd. (Dwarf Juniper). A low-spreading shrub, 

 rarely 1 ra. high, forming dense, usually circular patches ; leaves in 3s, crowded, 

 rigid, channeled, and often whitish above ; berries small, fleshy^ bluish, 1-3-seeded. 

 Rocky hillsides. 



II. TYPHACEiE (Cat-tail Family) 



Plants of marshes and shallow ponds, with stout rootstocks 

 and fibrous roots ; stems round and stout, with flat, striate, lin- 

 ear leaves ; staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant in a 

 dense terminal spike ; ovary 1-celled, becoming a 1-seeded nut- 

 like fruit. 



1. TYPHA (Cat-tail) 



Tall herbs with large grass-like leaves sheathing the base of the simple stem, 

 which is terminated by a long and very dense cylindrical spike of flowers, the 

 upper part staminate and wilting, the lower part pistillate, more compact and per- 

 sistent. 



1. Typha latifolia Linn. (Broad-leaved Cat- tail). Stem 1-2 m. high, sur- 

 passed by the broad (16-30 mm.) leaves ; staminate and pistillate parts of the spike 

 contiguous. (See Plant Structures, p. 239, Fig. 221.) Very abundant in ponds and 

 on the marshy banks of streams. 



III. SPARGANIACEiE (Bue-keed Family) 



The characters of the family are nearly those of TyphacecB, 

 except that the flowers and fruits are in dense globular heads 

 which are subtended by leaf -like spathes. 



1. SPARGANIUM 



Leaves broadly linear, flat, sheathing the stems at the base ; the upper heads 

 small, of stamens only ; the lower large, of numerous pistils. 



1. Sparganittm eurycarpum Engelm. (Bdr-rebd). Stems branched above, 

 8-15 dm. high ; fertile heads 8 cm. or more in diameter ; fruits sessile, angled, 

 with flattened or depressed summit ; scales several from the base of each nutlet. 

 Borders of ponds and sluggish streams. 



IV. ALISMACEiE ("Water-plantain Family) 



Marsh plants with naked stems, sheathed at the base by the 

 petioles of the broad leaves ; sepals and petals each 3 ; stamens 

 6 or more ; pistils many. 



1. Alisma. Stamens 6 ; carpels in a single ring on a flat receptacle. 



2. Saglttaria. Stamens many ; carpels in a dense head. 



