KEY TO THE SPECIES 79 



» CorolJa wheel-shaped or urn-shaped ; stigmas sessile or nearly so ; flowers in 

 terminal flat-topped clusters ; shrubs. 



1. Sanibucus. Leaves piunately compound. 

 3. Viburnuin. Leaves simple. 



« * Corolla funnel-form, bell-shaped or tubular ; style slender. 



-i- Small trailing evergreen with terminal twin-flowers. 



3. Hiinnsea. Flowers long-peduncled. 

 +- -t- Erect shrubs. 



4. Symphorlcarpos. Corolla bell-shaped and regular ; berry 2-seeded. 



5. Ijonlcera. Corolla tubular and more or less irregular ; berry several- 

 seeded. 



1. SAMBUCUS (Bldee) 



Shrubby plants with pinnate leaves, serrate leaflets, numerous small white 

 flowers in large clusters, calyx-lobes minute or wanting, urn-shaped corolla with 

 broadly spreading 5-cleft border, 5 stamens, and a berry-like juicy fruit. 



1. Sambucus Canadensis L. (Common Elder). Stems scarcely woody, 1-3 m. 

 high, with white pith ; leaflets 5-11, oblong, mostly smooth, the lower often 

 3-parted, flower clusters flat ; fruit black-purple. Rich open soil. 



2. Sambucus pubens Michx. (Eed-bbkried Elder). Stems woody, .5-3 m. 

 high with warty bark and brown pith ; leaflets 5-7, ovate-lanceolate, downy 

 beneath : flower clusters convex or pyramidal ; fruit bright red. Eocky woods. 



3. Sambucus melanocarpa Gray (Black-bebeied Elder). Pubescent when 

 young, becoming glabrous, low, often killing back to the ground each winter, 

 mostly less than 1 m. high ; leaves 5-9 foliate, sharply serrate ; cymes convex, as 

 broad as high ; flowers white ; fruit black, without bloom. Moist rocky canons 

 In the mountains. 



2. VIBURNUM (Cranbeebt-trbe) 



Shrubs with simple leaves, white flowers in flat clusters, 5-toothed calyx, 

 deeply 5-lobed spreading corolla, 5 stamens, and a berry-like fruit. 



1. Viburmim pauclflorum Pylaie (Few-flowered Chanberry-teee). A 

 nearly glabrous straggling shrub, 5-15 dm. high ; leaves mostly oval, irregularly 

 dentate or slightly lobed ; the small cymes terminating short lateral branches ; 

 flowers white ; fruit light red, globose, acid and edible ; the stone flat, orbicular. 



3. VlNiiJEA (Twin-floweb) 



A prostrate perennial, with slender creeping woody stems, evergreen leaves, 

 regular 5-merous calyx and corolla, the latter funnel-form, stamens 4, and ovary 

 3-celled, only 1 ovule maturing. 



1. liinnsea Americana Forbes (American Twin-flower). Slightly pubes- 

 cent, usually forming dense low beds or patches ; leaves obovate to orbicular, firm 

 and dark green ; peduncles slender, with a pair of bracts at summit and from the 

 axil of each a flhform a-bracted, 1-flowered pedicel ; flowers nodding ; corolla pur- 

 ple or rose-colored, about 10 mm. long ; berry nearly globose. Coniferous woods. 



