80 KEY TO THE SPECIES 



4. SYMPHORICARPOS (Snowberrt) 



Low branching upright shrubs with short-petioled leaves, white or rose-tinged 

 flowers in spikes or axillary clusters, short calyx teeth, bell-shaped regular i- or 

 6-lobed corolla with as many short stamens in its throat, and fruit a berry. 



♦ Flowers in axillary spicate clusters ; corolla campanulate, about 6 mm. long, 

 densely hirsute-villous within. 



1. Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. (Wolf-berry). Somewhat pubes- 

 cent, freely branched, 3-7 dm. high ; leaves ovate to oval, often undulate toothed, 

 2-5 cm. long ; flowers often crowded ; the corolla cleft to the middle ; pinkish- 

 white ; berry white, sub-globose. 



* * Flowers axillary ; corolla tubular-funnel-form, nearly glabrous within, 



S. Symphoricarpos oreophilus Gray (Hillside Snowberrt). From gla- 

 brous to softly pubescent, rather slender, 3-6 dm. high ; leaves broadly ovate to 

 oblong, entire or nearly so ; flowers few in the axils ; corolla white, 10-12 mm. 

 long ; berry large (about 8 mm. long), ovoid, white. Open woods on hillsides. 



5. LONICERA (Honeysuckle) 



Erect or climbing shrubs with entire leaves, often showy and fragrant flowers, 

 very short calyx teeth, tubular or funnel-form corolla, 5 stamens, and a 2-3-celled 

 ovary becoming a berry. 



1. Lionicera involucrata (Rich) Banks (Grouse-berry). Generally some- 

 what pubescent, erect, growing in clumps, 5-25 dm. high ; leaves from ovate to 

 oblong-lanceolate, 4-8 cm. long, petioled, bracts ovate-cordate, enlarging in fruit, 

 becoming purplish-black and inclosing the berry ; flowers usually paired, axillary; 

 corolla yellowish, viscid-pubescent ; berry globose, about 8 mm. in diameter, black, 

 with a sickening bitter taste. 



LXIV. VALERIANACE^ (Valerian Family) 



Perennial herbs with opposite leaves, panicled or cymose 

 flowers, a 5-lobed corolla, 1-4 stamens, an inferior S-celled ovary, 

 becoming an indehiscent 1-seeded fruit. 



1. VALERIANA 

 Herbs with large rank-smelling roots or rhizomes, cymose flowers, calyx-limb 

 of 5-15 setif orm lobes, tubular or funnel-form corolla, 3 stamens inserted on the 

 corolla-tube, and a 1-seeded nerved fruit. 



1. Valeriana edulis Nutt. (Edible Valerian. Tobacco-root). Glabrous or 

 nearly so ; root perpendicular, large, fusiform and branching below ; stem erect, 

 few-leaved, 3-8 dm. high ; basal leaves parallel-veined, large, entire or sparingly 

 pinnately lobed ; stem-leaves sessile, pinnately parted' into narrow divisions; 

 flowers in an elongated panicle of small cymes, yellowish-white ; fruit ovate, 

 shorter than the fully developed plumose calyx-segments. Wet banks. 



2. "Valeriana septentrionalis Rydb. (Northern Valerian). Glabrous ; 

 the erect stems from horizontal rootstocks, 2-5 dm. high ; root-leaves petioled, 

 entire, from spatulate to oval ; stem-leaves about 3-pair, pinnately lobed or parted 

 into 5-7 divisions; flowers white, in a crowded cyme, more open in fruit; fruit 

 glabrous, compressed, about 3 mm. long. Moist wooded hillsides. 



