CLIMATE 
Its first effect on the spirits is exhilarating, and it gives a kind of 
buoyancy to the body. The country subject to it is very healthy, but it 
does great injury to vegetation, by beating the grain, grass and leaves 
of trees till quite black. 
On the eastern side of the mountain they have no knowledge when 
the Helm wind is blowing violently on the west; and people on the fell, 
when a mist comes on, do not know that there is a wind till they descend 
the western side.' 
It was long supposed that this wind was peculiar to this country, 
but it now appears that there are similar phenomena in different places. 
Sir J. Herschel said that he found one at the Cape; the cloud called 
the Tablecloth agreed with the Helm, and he observed the Bar at a 
considerable distance; the air rushed down the side of the mountain, 
and being opposed by a contrary column was reflected and formed the 
Bar. Professor Stavely had noticed one of the same kind near Belfast, 
and Professor Buche of Philadelphia, when passing the Alps, observed 
the like appearance. 
1 The origin of the Helm Wind was discussed before the Cumberland and Westmorland Associa- 
tion for the Advancement of Science by the editor of the Association’s Transactions, Mr. Goodchild (see 
Trans. Cumberland and Westmorland Assoc. No. xiv. [1888], p. 43). 
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