A HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND 
As is to be expected in such a mountainous county as Cumberland, 
many of those species only found at considerable elevations are in the 
county list, and the diligent collector will not be disappointed in his 
search for them. That typical mountain beetle, Carabus glabratus, 
occurs in all the mountain systems, and when in quest of it such species 
as Pterostichus ethiops, P. vitreus, Cymindis vaporariorum and Bembidium 
nigricorne may be confidently expected to turn up; while in pools 
Agabus congener, A. arcticus and Hydroporus morto are to be looked for. 
From the stunted hawthorns on the slopes of the fells Te/ephorus obscurus 
is to be beaten. Beneath stones on Cross Fell, the highest point of the 
Pennines, Otiorrhynchus maurus has been found. Many interesting species 
are found inhabiting the thick moss under waterfalls in the mountain 
streams, of which perhaps Stenus guynemeri and Quedius auricomus are the 
most characteristic. 
The sand hills and extensive salt marshes along the shores of the 
Solway Firth have a rich and varied fauna, as yet far from fully known. 
Here Dyschirius nitidus, Agabus femoralis, Homalium exiguum and Telephorus 
darwinianus occur, with hosts of other species; and Anthicus scoticus, 
occurring at Allonby, is interesting as being the only known locality in 
England for this Scotch and Irish beetle. 
Passing inland again, mention may be made of the capture of Lebia 
crux-minor near Carlisle, a handsome but one of the rarest British species. 
The discovery of a colony of the pretty Hydrothassa bannoverana in the 
Lazonby district during the past summer (1900), after being missing in 
the British Islands for a number of years, is also worthy of passing notice. 
The genus Bembidium, one of the coleopterist’s favourite genera, is 
well represented in the county, many of the rarer species being found, 
chief among which is B. schippeli, first made known as British from 
captures made in Cumberland on the banks of the Irthing, where it still 
occurs. 
The following list may be taken as a fairly complete one so far as 
present knowledge goes. 
A LIST OF THE COLEOPTERA OCCURRING IN THE COUNTY 
Where no locality is given with a species it may be inferred that it is of general dis- 
tribution. 
CICINDELIDE CaRABID (continued \— 
Cicindela campestris, L. Notiophilus biguttatus, F. 
CaRABIDE — substriatus, Wat. Brampton district 
Cychrus rostratus, L. — 4-punctatus, Dej. (Stephens) 
Carabus catenulatus, Scop. — aquaticus, L. 
— nemoralis, Mull. — palustris, Duft. 
— glabratus, Payk. Lake mountains and — rufipes, Curt. ‘Once down Wadling’ 
Pennines (T. C. Heysham in Stephens’ 
— violaceus, L. Illustrations) 
— nitens, L. Cumrew Fell Leistus montanus, Steph. Séiddaw (Ste- 
— granulatus, L. phens) 
— monilis, F. Lazonby district — fulvibarbis, Dej. 
— arvensis, F, — rufescens, F. 
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