INSECTS 
most captures being made at light. Lwuperina testacea, Hb., is rather 
local, though usually common where it occurs at all; it is one of the 
most frequent captures at street lamps in Carlisle; I have found a 
good many pupz under stones on the coast. L. cespitis, Fb., also 
occurs at light, sparingly however. Mamestra albicolon, Hb., does not 
appear to have been met with in Cumberland since Weaver took it in 
1827 as recorded by Stephens in the I//ustrations. M. abjecta, Hb., and 
M. furva, Hb., are found near Keswick, and M. brassica, L., is every- 
where a pest. pamea basilinea, Fb., and A. gemina, Hb., are taken all 
over the county ; the latter varies considerably. A much scarcer species 
is A. unanimis, Tr., though of wide distribution ; it is generally taken on 
the wing along hedgerows. One of the commonest and most variable 
Noctuz is 4. didyma, Esp., which varies into the most puzzling forms. 
All the genus Mizana occur, being taken at ‘sugar,’ flowers or light. Of 
M. strigilis, Clerck, the black variety known as ethiops, Haw., is the pre- 
dominating form. A red form of M. fasciuncula, Haw., is not 
uncommon. WM. “iterosa, Haw., is chiefly met with in the northern half 
of the county, and M. Jdicoloria, Vill., is local, though sometimes it 
swarms on thistle heads near Carlisle. M. arcuosa, Haw., occurs freely in 
meadows at dusk in many partsofthe county. Phothedes captiuncula,'Tr., 
which is a tolerably common species in the adjoining counties of West- 
morland, Northumberland and Durham, has not apparently been found 
in Cumberland except by the late George Mawson, who records it as 
rather rare in the Cockermouth district. Celena haworthi, Curt., is not 
uncommon on moorish ground in and near woods where the cotton grass 
grows. Grammesia trigrammica, Hufn., without being common, is hardly 
a scarce species, though missing from several of the local lists I have 
received from collectors for the purposes of this summary of the 
entomology of the county. Szi/bia anomala, Haw., is a rarity. It is 
recorded from Keswick by the late W. Greenip and figures in Mawson’s 
Cockermouth list ; in July, 1899, Messrs. Britten and Wilkinson each 
secured a beautiful specimen on the side of Lazonby Fell. Caradrina 
alsines, Brahm, is in the Keswick list as a scarce species. C. taraxaci, Hb., 
is widely distributed and visits ‘sugar.’ C. morpheus, Hufn., abounds in 
gardens at Carlisle, visiting various flowers in the evening. C. guadri- 
punctata, Fb., is the commonest species of the genus in the county. 
Hydrilla palustris, Hb., I have taken twice near Carlisle—the first 
specimen in 1896, the second in 1897, both being captured while on the 
wing towards evening. It is a fenland insect and its occurrence so far 
north is interesting. More interesting still is the fact that these two 
Cumberland specimens appear to be the only females recorded from 
the British Isles. Rusina tenebrosa, Hb., is a fairly regular summer 
visitor to ‘ sugar,’ but few females are taken. Agrotis vestigialis, Hufn., 
occurs rarely on the coast. 4. puta, Hb., and 4. ripe, Hb., are said 
by Barrett to be rare in the county. 4. suffusa, Hb., is not uncommon 
in late autumn throughout the county. 2. saucia, Hb., has been taken 
1 See my notes, Ez. Rec., vol. x. p. 110.—F. H. D. 
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