INSECTS 
but Zanclognatha grisealis, Hb., is widely distributed. Hypena proboscid- 
als, L., swarms amongst nettles. Hypenodes costestrigalis, St., is picked 
up occasionally. Tholomiges turfosalis, Wk., is common in boggy places 
near Keswick, and in the same district Brephos parthenias, L.,. occurs 
amongst birch. This species has also been taken in Barron Wood by 
the older school of lepidopterists, who also appear to have met with 
B. notha, Hb. (see Morris’ British Moths, vol. iii. p. 146). 
GEOMETRA 
Urapteryx sambucaria, L., is common in and near woods and is a 
conspicuous object when on the wing of an evening. LEpione apiciaria, 
Schiff., is not uncommon in places, and though E. parallellaria, Schiff., 
has been recorded several times I have not myself seen an authentic 
Cumberland specimen. Rumia Juteolata, L., is one of the commonest 
hedgerow moths. Venilia macularia, L., is restricted to the woods of the 
southern half of the county. The late G. Mawson records Angerona 
prunaria, L., as common near Keswick, but it seems strange that such a 
large distinct species should not have been noticed by others. Metro- 
campa margaritaria, l.,is common in and near woods. CLE/lopia prosa- 
piaria, L., is confined to fir woods and plantations and is often common, 
but to be fit for the cabinet must be bred. Eurymene dolobraria, L., is 
decidedly rare, though it has been taken in widely separate districts. 
Another scarce moth is Pericallia syringaria, L., which has been taken 
near Carlisle and Brampton. Se/enia bilunaria, Esp., is spread all over the 
county, occurring in small woods and along hedgerows. The summer 
brood, known as var. ju/aria, Haw., is also met with. S. /unaria, Schiff., 
though considerably scarcer, has much the same distribution. S. fetra- 
lunaria, Hufn., is rare, while Odontopera bidentata, Clerck, and Crocallis 
elinguaria, L., occur everywhere. . Eugonia alniaria, L., is taken on street 
lamps. . erosaria, Bork., was taken in 1896 at Keswick and at Carlisle 
in 1900. EE. fuscantaria, Haw., and E. guercinaria, Hufn., are doubtful 
natives of the county. Himera pennaria, L., is a woodland species and 
may be found at night on bushes and trees with the aid of a lantern. 
Phigalia pedaria, Fb., is common early in the year. Though widely dis- 
tributed, Nyssia hispidaria, Fb., is always rare. ‘Two specimens taken by 
Mr. H. Britten in the Lazonby district are probably the most recent 
captures. Amphydasys strataria, Hufn., is also rather a scarce insect, 
being usually taken in oak woods. 4. betularia, L., occurs all over the 
county in moderate numbers, the black race, var. doubledayaria, Mill., 
being seldom met with. Céeora glabraria, Hb., has not to my know- 
ledge been taken for some years. At one time I believe Barron Wood 
produced a good many specimens. The larva of C. /ichenaria, Hufn., is 
met with in many localities feeding on lichen on trees and is an admir- 
able instance of adaptation to environment. Boarmia repandata, L., is 
found resting on trees in woods, while B. gemmaria, Brahm, is more 
attached to gardens and hedgerows. Considering Tephrosia crepuscu- 
laria, Hb., and T. biundularia, Bork., as distinct species, I find that 
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