INSECTS 
Bork., and H. defoliaria, Clerck, are more or less abundant in woods 
and hedges. Anisopteryx escularia, Schiff., is another common species. 
Cheimatobia brumata, L., swarms, and C. boreata, Hb., is fairly common 
amongst birch. The variable Oporadia dilutata, Bork., is plentiful in 
woods in autumn, its congener O. filigrammaria, H.-S., much less so. 
Larentia didymata, L., L. multistrigaria, Haw., and L. viridaria, Fb., are 
common everywhere. L. c@siata, Lang, L. salicata, Hb., and L. ofvata, 
Bork., occur locally in fair numbers. L. flavicinctata, Hb., has not been 
noticed for some years. Emmelesia affinitata, St., is rare in woods. 
E. alchemillata, L., is more often captured, and E. a/bulata, Schiff., 
swarms in meadows. . decolorata, Hb., occurs amongst campion. 
E. teniata, St., and E. unifasciata, Haw., are both rare. LE. minorata,Tr., 
and E. adequata, Bork., are confined to hilly districts, and if specially 
worked for may be found freely enough. Of the large and perplexing 
genus Euphithecia, Curt., E. venosata, Fb., and E. oblongata, Thnb., are 
scarce ; E. pulchellata, St., is bred freely from foxglove; E. subfulvata, 
Haw., is not uncommon amongst ragwort; E. p/umbeolata, Haw., E. 
pygmeata, Hb., E. satyrata, Hb., and E. castigata, Hb., occur in 
meadows ; E. indigata, Hb., is common in fir woods; E. nanata, Hb., 
and E. minutata, Gn., swarm on heaths ; E. absinthiata, L., and E. vul- 
gata, Haw., are frequent in lanes; E. assimilata, Gn., inhabits gardens ; 
E. tenuiata, Hb., is bred from sallow catkins ; E. /ariciata, Frr., is found 
in larch woods ; E. abbreviata, St., is beaten from the leafless branches 
of oak in March and April; E. exiguata, Hb., and E. pumilata, Hb., are 
taken in various odd places; E. rectangulata, L., is sometimes caught 
along hedges ; and E. ‘ogata, Hb., has once been taken in Gelt Woods. 
It is highly probable that careful work would considerably extend the 
foregoing list of Cumberland ‘Pugs.’ Lobophora sexalisata, Hb., and 
L. carpinata, Bork., are found in many of the woods. L. Aa/terata, Hufn., 
is confined to the neighbourhood of Carlisle, and L. viretata, Hb., and 
L. polycommata, Hb., to that of Keswick. Thera simulata, Hb., has been 
taken amongst juniper near Barrow Falls, Keswick. I. variata, Schiff., 
and I. firmata, Hb., inhabit fir woods. Hypsipetes ruberata, Frr., occurs 
locally, and H. sordidata, Fb., of course abounds. Melanthia bicolorata, 
Hufn., is locally abundant, especially favouring alders fringing streams. 
The var. plumbata, Curt., is rare. M. ocellata, L., generally frequents 
lanes, and M. a/bicillata, L., is partial to woods with an undergrowth of 
bramble. Me/amippe sociata, Bork., M. montanata, Bork., and M. fluctuata, 
L., are abundant. M. hastata, L., M. tristata, L., M. rivata, Hb., and 
M. galiata, Hb., also occur, but are local to special habitats. Anticlea 
badiata, Hb., is common along hedges in early spring. 4. migrofasciaria, 
Géze, is a woodland species and less common. Coremia munitata, Hb., is 
met with in hilly districts. C. designata, Hufn., C. ferrugata, L., and 
C. unidentaria, Haw., are widely distributed. Camptogramma bilineata, L., 
abounds in hedges in summer. Phibalapteryx vittata, Bork., has lately 
been taken freely in several localities. Triphosa dubitata, L., is local and 
scarce. Ewucosmia certata, Hb., is locally abundant. Cvdaria siterata, 
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