MAMMALS 
CHEIROPTERA 
1. Long-eared Bat. Plecotus auritus, Linn. 
A resident species of fairly general distri- 
bution, most plentiful in our wooded districts 
at a low elevation. I never came across it in 
the immediate neighbourhood of the coast. 
2. Barbastelle. Barbastella barbastellus, Schre- 
ber. 
Bell—Barbastellus daubentonii. 
Specimens of this bat were captured many 
years ago near Carlisle, and entered the col- 
lection of T. C. Heysham. As no others 
have been procured, in spite of a search ex- 
tending over many years, it must be conjec- 
tured that the examples in question had wan- 
dered to Cumberland accidentally. 
3. Pipistrelle. Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Schreber. 
Bell—Scotophilus pipistrellus. 
Locally, Common Bat, Flittermouse. 
A resident, very plentiful even in the im- 
mediate neighbourhood of the coast. This 
species has often visited my windows in 
pairs, picking crepuscular insects off the win- 
dow panes. 
4. Natterer’s Bat. Ayotis nattereri, Kuhl. 
Bell—Vespertilio nattereri. 
A colony of this species was discovered at 
Castletown near Rockcliff, in August, 1886. 
Three living specimens were sent to me for 
identification by the late A. Smith. T. C. 
Heysham had previously obtained this species 
in Cumberland, so that it is probably a resi- 
dent species. I have not however procured 
specimens in any other part of the county. 
5. Daubenton’s Bat. Myotis daubentoni, Leis- 
ler. 
Bell—Vespertilio daubentonii. 
This water-loving bat is local but hardly to 
be termed rare. I had not met with it up to 
1892, but subsequent to that date two or 
three specimens were brought to me. One 
of them had been felled with an umbrella on 
the banks of the Eden near Carlisle. T. C. 
Heysham obtained a specimen on the Carlisle 
Canal near Beaumont in August, 1852. 
6. Whiskered Bat. Myotis mystacinus, Leisler. 
Bell—Vespertilio mystacinus. 
T. C. Heysham procured a single specimen 
at Carlisle in August, 1852. Three others 
were brought to me from the same neighbour- 
hood at intervals of several years. ‘This bat 
is probably scarce, but I doubt if it is actually 
rare. 
INSECTIVORA 
7. Hedgehog. Lrinaceus europeus, Linn. 
Locally, Urchin (0ds.). 
A common resident in most wooded dis- 
tricts, often destroyed in consequence of its 
taste for eggs and young birds. 
8. Mole. Talpa europea, Linn. 
Locally, Mowdy-warp, Mowdy-wark. 
An abundant resident even among our hill- 
sides. Some very beautiful orange and cream- 
coloured varieties have come under my notice 
from time to time, and specimens of a dull 
brown are common in certain localities. 
g. Common Shrew. Sorex araneus, Linn. 
Bell—Sorex vulgaris. 
A resident species, often killed by house 
cats, especially when they are rearing kittens. 
It is also a favourite food of the barn-owl 
(Strix flammea). 
10. Pigmy Shrew. Sorex minutus, Pallas. 
Bell—Sorex pygmaeus. 
A resident species, but apparently much 
scarcer than the common species. Messrs. 
Mann supplied me with a fresh specimen from 
Aigle Gill. 
11. Water Shrew. Neomys fodiens, Pallas. 
Bell—Crossopus fodiens. 
This shrew is local, but must be plentiful 
in the neighbourhood of the Eden because it 
occurs so often there in the pellets of owls. 
Both the black and the parti-coloured forms 
occur in Cumberland, though I believe the 
former to be comparatively uncommon. 
CARNIVORA 
12. Wild Cat. Felis catus, Linn. 
In former days there were many wild 
cats among the crags and screes of this 
mountainous county. Christenbury Crag 
was famous for its breed of these animals, 
and possibly it was from this neighbourhood 
that the household of Lord William Howard 
was supplied with furs. We read the fol- 
lowing entry among ‘ My Lord’s Parcells’ in 
1629: ‘May— 6. For a wilde cattskinne 
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