INSERTION OF FLORAL LEAVES ON RECEPTACLE 353 



may be joined to one another laterally ^ (calyx of 

 corncockle, carpels in Fig. 60, B). The successive 

 whorls of floral leaves may arise from the sides of a 

 conical receptacle (Fig. 60, A), or they may arise from 



/ Fig. 60. — Diagrammatic vertical sections illustrating difierent rela- 

 tions of th.e receptacle (black throughout) to the floral whorls. 

 A, conical receptacle bearing the successive whorls on its sides 

 {hypogynous type), carpels separate. B, flat receptacle, carpels 

 united (syncarpous gynascium). C, basin-shaped receptacle 

 with two free carpels at the base, the remaining whorls on the 

 edge of the basin {perigynous type). D, receptacle fused to the 

 sides of the ovaries {epigynous type), which are then said to be 

 " inferior." 



a flat receptacle (Fig. 60, B), or the receptacle may 

 be cup-shaped (Fig. 60, C, and cherry), with the sepals, 

 petals and stamens arising from the edge of the cup, 

 and the carpels from its bottom. Finally, the sides of 



' Expressed by the prefix syn- (Greek aijv, together). The corn- 

 cockle flower is synsepalous. The gynaecium in Fig. 60, B, is syn- 

 carpous. 



23 



