JUNCACEAE (RUSH FAMILY) 75 
sharp-pointed, spreading sepals, a single pistil with style very short, 
and six stamens with anthers much shorter than their filaments. 
Later, each six-pointed perianth forms a cup to hold the tawny, 
ovoid, papery-shelled capsule, filled with small brown seeds which, 
under the lens, are shown to be delicately ridged and cross-lined. 
Means of control 
In lawns and yards the weed is best removed 
by hand-pulling before seed development. In fields, 
small areas may be treated by hoe-cutting, but 
where rankly infested the ground should be cleansed 
by a rotation of cultivated crops and clover. 
COMMON RUSH 
Juncus effusus, L. and its varieties 
Other English names: Soft Rush, Bog Rush. 
Native. Perennial. Propagates by seeds and by 
rootstocks. 
Time of bloom: June to July. 
Seed-time: July to August. 
Range: Throughout North America. 
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows, and pastures ; muck 
farms. In the South, a pest in rice fields. 
In any place where the soil is constantly moist 
some variety of this rush is likely to be found, and 
it holds its ground most sturdily. It grows in 
dense tufts or tussocks from stout branching root- 
stocks, the leafless stems one to three feet tall, 
erect but very soft and pliant, round, green, pithy, 
and about a twelfth of an inch in diameter. Flowers 
very numerous in dense, spreading cymose clusters 
which seem to burst from the sides of the stems, 
the long subtending bracts appearing like continued \ 
stems; each individual flower has also just below Fie. 40.— 
it a small, ovate, pointed bract; perianth six- oe Gun: 
pointed, green at first, but soon turning brown ; cus effusus, var. 
stamens three, with anthers and filaments about Pylaei). xt. 
