114 CHENOPODIACEAE (GOOSEFOOT FAMILY) 
a few inches high. Stubbles should be given surface cultivation 
after harvest for the purpose of stirring into life such seeds as lie on 
the ground, the young growth to be turned under at the fall plow- 
ing, or, it may be grazed off by sheep. 
NETTLE-LEAVED GOOSEFOOT 
Chenopodium murale, L. 
Other English names: Sowbane, Swine’s Bane. 
Introduced. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: June to September. 
Seed-time: August to November. 
Range: Maine to British Columbia, southward to Florida and 
Mexico. 
Habitat: Cultivated grounds; waste places. 
Stem ten to twenty inches high, leafy to the top, slender, often 
decumbent, sometimes erect, usually loosely branched. Leaves 
rhombic-ovate, thin, green on both sides, with large, coarse, wavy 
but sharply pointed teeth, bases broadly wedge-shaped, truncate, 
or slightly rounded, with petioles shorter than the blades. Panicles 
in small, branching, divergent, somewhat corymbose clusters, 
axillary, and shorter than the leaves; calyx-lobes not wholly 
enclosing the seed, which is sharp-edged and very flat. 
Means of control the same as for Smooth Pigweed. 
SPREADING ORACHE 
Atriplex pdtula, L. 
Introduced. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: Late July to October. 
Seed-time: September to November. 
Range: Nova Scotia and Ontario to New Jersey and Ohio; also 
in northwestern United States and British Columbia, where it is 
probably native. 
Habttat: Sandy soil; cultivated ground, waste places. 
A relative of the Smooth Pigweed and ranking with it in weedy 
character. Stem one to three feet in length, prostrate or ascending 
or sometimes erect, diffusely branching, grooved, often with reddish 
stripes. Leaves lance-shaped, one to five inches in length, long- 
