130 NYCTAGINACEAE (FOUR-O’CLOCK FAMILY). 
Fie. 82.— Heart-leaved Um- 
brella-wort (Oxybaphus nycta- 
gineus). X }. 
mature until it becomes nearly an inch 
broad, thin, and net-veined, acting as 
a parachute in the distribution of the 
seeds; each smail blossom has a. bell- 
shaped five-lobed, red perianth, with 
three to five stamens and one style, 
both exserted. Ovary one-celled, the 
fruit a small, hard, achene-like, nar- 
rowly obovoid, ribbed, and hairy nut- 
let, possessed of long vitality. (Fig. 82.) 
Means of control 
Prevent seeding. Cultivation will 
cleanse infested fields of the perennial 
roots, but small areas newly con- 
taminated should be hand-pulled 
when the ground is soft, or should be 
grubbed out, or cut close to the 
ground and the fleshy root-crowns 
treated with salt in order to prevent 
too swift a recovery. 
HAIRY UMBRELLA-WORT 
Oxjbaphus hirsitus, Sweet 
(Alliénia hirsiita, Pursh.) 
Native. Perennial. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: July to August. 
Seed-time: August to September. 
Range: Wisconsin to the Plains of the Saskatchewan, southward to 
Colorado and Texas. Locally in Ohio, New York, and Con- 
necticut. 
Habitat: Prairies; dry fields and meadows. 
Even more resistant than the preceding species to summer’s 
drought and winter’s freezing. Stem one to three feet tall, erect, 
angled, ridged, sparingly branched, clothed with glandular jointed 
hairs, especially at the nodes, which are somewhat swollen. Leaves 
also hairy, oblong or narrowly lance-shaped, with prominent mid- 
vein, entire, sessile, or the lower ones very short-petioled. <Flowers 
