CARYOPHYLLACEAE (PINK FAMILY) 147 
three-celled at base, a characteristic of all the Silenes; the 
seed is small and dark brown. (Fig. 98.) 
Means of control 
Hay should be cut from infested meadows before the seed matures 
and falls into the soil. It is better that there should be some pres- 
ent loss if thereby the ground is made comparatively clean for the 
next crop. 
FORKED OR HAIRY CATCHFLY 
Siléne dichétoma, Ehrh. 
Introduced. Annual and winter annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: July to September. 
Seed-time: August to October. 
Range: Eastern United States, Maine to Texas; also on the 
Pacific Slope. 
Habitat: Clover fields, meadows, and waste places. 
A special pest in clover fields. Stem erect, hairy, one to three 
feet tall, branching by forking. Lower leaves petioled, two or 
three inches long, pointed at both ends, the lowermost tapering 
to hairy petioles; stem-leaves sessile, becoming mere pointed 
bracts near the top. Flowers in forking, one-sided spikes, sessile 
or on very short pedicels; petals five, pale pink or white, deeply 
cleft ; styles three, exserted ; stamens ten; calyx about a half-inch 
long, five-ribbed, very hairy, short-toothed. Capsule many-seeded, 
oblong ovoid, opening at apex by three or six teeth. 
Means of control the same as for the Sleepy Catchfly. 
NIGHT-FLOWERING CATCHFLY 
Siléne noctiflora, L. 
Other English names: Clammy Cockle, Sticky Cockle. 
Introduced. Annual and winter annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: June to September. : 
Seed-time: July to October. 
Range: Nova Scotia to Manitoba, southward to Florida and 
Missouri. 
Habitat: Cultivated ground; clover and alfalfa fields, meadows, 
and waste places. 
