ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 207 
slightly notched at the edge. Achenes smooth, very small, 
ripening and falling all summer. (Fig. 149.) 
Means of control 
Enrich the soil, furnishing humus which will enable it to retain 
moisture and support the growth of better plants. 
SHRUBBY CINQUEFOIL 
Potentilla fruticosa, L. 
Other English names: Yellow Hardhack, Prairie Weed, Black 
Brush, Chester Flower. 
Native. Perennial. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: May to October. 
Seed-time: Seeds remain on the plant until winter, being usually 
scattered between December and March. 
Range: Labrador to Alaska, southward to New Jersey, Illinois, 
and Minnesota. In the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and in the 
Sierra Nevadas to California. 
Habitat: Dry open ground; meadows and pastures. 
A plant which has shown its weedy qualities 
chiefly in New England and in parts of 
Colorado, Indiana, and Ohio. It is a shrub, 
one to five feet tall, branching from the base, 
making a spreading, compact growth which 
chokes out all else. Young shoots are clothed 
in white down, but when mature the stems be- 
come hard, woody, and covered with hairy, 
ragged, grayish brown bark. These old “ Hard- 
hack” stems are incredibly tough and turn the 
edge of the sharpest scythes. Leaves pinnately 
five- to seven-foliate, the leaflets pointed at both 
ends, a half-inch to an inch long, entire, with 
margins slightly revolute, gray-green with silky 
hairs. Flowers in terminal cymose clusters, 
numerous, bright yellow, about an inch broad, 
the five petals nearly round and exceeding | Fie.150.—Shrub- 
the ovate calyx-lobes and the pointed bracts. by Cimauetoll (Po 
tentilla _fruticosa). 
Achenes twenty or more to a flower, small, x 4. 
