EUPHORBIACEAE (SPURGE FAMILY) 267 
branches extended in all directions, red where exposed to the 
light but green underneath. Leaves opposite, oblong, from a 
quarter-inch to nearly an inch in length, short-petioled, very finely 
toothed, usually with a purplish brown 
spot near the center; stipules nearly linear, 
tipped with a fringe of bristles. Flowers 
on peduncles about as long as the petioles, 
the involucres bearing four minute, cup- 
shaped glands with narrow red appendages. 
Pods angled and hairy, with ash-gray, 
four-angled seeds which are a frequent im- 
purity in the seeds of grass and clover. 
Means of control 
In cultivated ground, persistent hoe- 
cutting as soon as the first flowers appear. 
Grasslands badly infested should be put 
under cultivation, the ground being fete. Spc ae co Spotted 
tilized well before reseeding heavily to spurge (Euphorbia macu- 
grass or clover. lata). X 4%. 
SNOW-ON-THE-MOUNTAIN 
Euphorbia margindta, Pursh. 
Other English name: White-margined Spurge. 
Native. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: May to September. 
Seed-time: June to October. 
Range: Minnesota to Colorado, southward to Texas, spreading 
eastward to Ohio; introduced in Eastern States and freely 
escaping. 
Habitat: Dry soil; fields, pastures, waste places. 
The handsomest of our native ‘Spurges, but dangerous to handle, 
as the copious milky juice when in contact with the skin causes a 
swelling and eruption similar to that produced by Poison Ivy; 
persons unacquainted with its quality often pluck it for its beauty 
and suffer for it. Honey made from its flowers is poisonous and 
unfit to use, acting as a violent emetic and purge. 
Stem rather stout, two to three feet tall, erect, slightly grooved, 
