272 EUPHORBIACEAE (SPURGE FAMILY) 
Means of control 
Small areas, newly infested, should be grubbed out or destroyed 
with hot brine or caustic soda. Where too abundant to make such 
treatment practicable, close, persistent cutting, in order to starve 
the roots and prevent all seed development, will finally suppress 
the weed. 
SUN SPURGE 
Euphérbia Helioscopia, L. 
Other English names: Wartgrass, Wartweed, Sunweed, 
Little-good, Cat’s Milk, Wolf’s Milk, Mouse-Milk. 
Introduced. Annual. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: June to October. 
Seed-time: July to November. 
Range: Eastern Quebec to Ontario, southward to 
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Illinois. 
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, and waste places. 
An, .immigrant from Europe, - abundant in its 
range, which is gradually extending. Its milky juice 
is exceedingly copious, and so acrid that it is used 
as a caustic to destroy warts. (Fig. 189.) 
Stem stout, smooth, eight to fifteen inches tall, 
often branched from the base. Leaves obovate, 
rounded at tips, finely toothed, whorled and sessile 
at the base of the umbel, but those on the stalk 
scattering and tapered to a short petiole. Umbel 
compound, the rays usually five, first triply 
branching and then each branch forked; in- 
volucres bell-shaped, with unappendaged, round, 
stalked glands. Capsule smooth, with rounded 
ae ae lobes ; seeds ovoid, reddish brown, the surface 
(Ewphdrbia Ho- netted and pitted like a honeycomb. 
lioscopia). x3. Means of control the same as for Spotted Spurge. 
CYPRESS SPURGE 
Euphérbia Cypartssias, L. 
Other English name: Quack Salver’s Grass. 
Introduced. Perennial. Propagates by seeds and by rootstocks. 
