ONAGRACEAE (EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY) 297 
outer edge, lustrous golden yellow, open in the daytime; tube of 
the calyx much longer than the ovary, its lobes narrowly lance- 
shaped and spreading. Capsules about a half-inch long, four- 
angled, and having four small wings projecting from the top, the 
base often narrowed abruptly to a short foot-stalk. 
Means of control 
Starvation of the perennial roots by frequent, successive, close 
cuttings. In cultivated ground the plants are destroyed by the 
required tillage. 
BIENNIAL GAURA 
Gatira biénnis, L. 
Native. Biennial. Propagates by seeds. 
Time of bloom: July to September. 
Seed-time: August to October. 
Range: Quebec and Ontario to Minne- 
sota, southward to Georgia, Missis- 
sippi, Arkansas, and Nebraska. 
Habitat : Fields, meadows, pastures, road- 
sides, and waste lands. 
The winter rosettes and deep-boring 
taproot of this plant resemble those of 
the Evening Primrose, to which it is a 
near relative. Flowering-stalks, which 
appear in the second year, are two to 
five feet tall, erect, much branched, 
and covered with finely downy hairs, 
hard and woody when mature, and very 
troublesome to harvesting machinery. 
Leaves alternate, lance-shaped, pointed 
at both ends, sparsely toothed or wavy- 
edged, smooth above but finely hairy 
beneath, sessile, two to four inches long. 
Flowers sessile on slender terminal spikes, 
the succession of bloom beginning at the 
base of the spike with hairy buds above ; 
each blossom is nearly a half-inch across, yg, 207. — Biennial Gaura 
with four cream-white petals, turning (Gaura biennis). X 4. 
