COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 549 
Means of control 
: Prevention of seeding by persistent, frequent cutting. In cul- 
tivated ground the necessary tillage destroys the weed. 
SMOOTH HAWKSBEARD 
Créepis capillaris, Wallr. 
(Crépis virens, L.) 
Introduced. Annual or biennial. Pro 
Time of bloom: July to September. 
Seed-time: August to October. 
pagates by seeds. 
Range: Atlantic States from New York southward; also on the 
Pacific Coast. 
Habitat: Fields and waste places. 
Hawksbeards are European weeds, 
not as yet very widely distributed in 
this country but noted in their range 
as “becoming frequent.” This species 
has a stem ten to thirty inches tall, 
smooth, slender, branching at the 
top into a loose, corymbose flower- 
cluster. Basal leaves somewhat re- 
sembling those of a Dandelion, five 
to eight inches long, lance-shaped 
to spatulate, pinnatifid or merely 
coarsely toothed, narrowing to winged 
petioles; stem leaves much smaller, 
long-pointed, clasping the stem with 
an auriculate base, the upper ones 
usually entire. Heads numerous, on 
very slender peduncles, about a half- 
inch broad, gold-yellow; involucre 
cylindric, of one row of equal bracts. 
Achenes tapering at both ends, 
ten-ribbed, smooth, without a beak, 
the pappus a soft, thick, white 
aigrette attached to the apex. (Fig. 
381.) 
Fic. 381.— Smooth Hawks- 
beard (Crepis capillaris). X 4. 
